tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-25676662602276237762024-03-14T02:42:35.987-07:00Purchase cheap research papersVolthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.comBlogger232125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-34515588699257656962020-08-26T18:46:00.001-07:002020-08-26T18:46:04.983-07:00Husbands & wives are working Essay Example for FreeSpouses wives are working Essay The examination I am looking into is Do Husbands contribute more to household undertakings when their spouses are working? This investigation has been explored and finished up by S. Bond. As the title recommends, this examination attempts to measure the relationship between's families where the two accomplices work, contrasted with remain at home spouses with working husbands. There have been various investigations done in the zone of matrimonial jobs in the home by sociologists, for example, Young Wilmot, Oakley and Martin Roberts. The author utilizes data gathered in the Social Trends Survey 1991 to learn if the new man job is as yet clear. Hypothetical Context of the Study In this examination the essayist doesn't demonstrate which hypothetical setting he has utilized. I accept this examination to be founded on the women's activist methodology, as he as often as possible makes reference to the jobs of people. Explicit references to the new man during the 1980s and how it didn't last, showing the cliché jobs of guys and females to be valid. Methodological Approach and Methods Used The precise methodology utilized by S. Bond is the Positivist methodology as they have utilized Quantitative information to gather its outcomes. A poll was utilized permitting the scientist to gather the measurements that would then be able to be effectively evaluated. This is potentially the simplest type of social event data to respond to explicit inquiries and offering clear responses. The analyst has set up their decisions by utilizing this source and delivered essential information. The specialist has done the survey taking things down a notch asking 10 living together couples that were companions or guardians of companions. It was ordered utilizing inquiries to assemble data on their info jobs inside the family unit, and the time spent satisfying these jobs. As the analyst states in the report this was a brisk and modest choice as they were on a constrained time scale. Out of the 10 couples utilized 5 had the females for all time at home while the other 5 female accomplices worked all day. This was to check whether the guys in the home shared any progressively household obligations as their accomplices worked that hours. The poll is comprised of shut inquiries to make it simpler for the specialist to transform the data into numerical information. The analyst shows how by utilizing a poll that they are utilizing a structure that is private and don't require any type of character, for example, name or age, as there is a moral issue in the exploration. The title of the poll gives an away from of what the specific examination is tied in with, helping those partaking. The analyst orders the discoveries in diagrams and a table. It gives an away from of the outcomes. The scientist would have needed to take a gander at what technique would give the best legitimacy and dependability. A survey would give the specialist great unwavering quality. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-73832144941860423612020-08-22T09:09:00.001-07:002020-08-22T09:09:40.989-07:00Shen Fu Free EssaysShen Fu The book Shen Fuââ¬â¢s Six Records of a Floating Life is both a personal history and romantic tale of a man named Shen Fu, who was taught toward the way to grow up to be a researcher, yet he continued bombing the tests. He proceeded to gain his living as secretary for a justice and furthermore auctioning off his wifeââ¬â¢s work of art. His significant other is the young lady that he fell had begun to look all starry eyed at as a small kid. We will compose a custom article test on Shen Fu or on the other hand any comparable theme just for you Request Now Together, they had an extremely odd and odd relationship (in any event contrasted with our cutting edge thought of a relationship). I feel that Shen Fu truly needed the challenging task as the judge, yet it likewise appeared he didnââ¬â¢t truly need to buckle down for the position. Maybe he was a smidgen on the sluggish side of things. He experienced childhood in a somewhat insightful white collar class family and he consumed quite a bit of his time on earth attempting to breeze through the test. The main issue was that he continued bombing it again and again, and did never really get around to passing it. Shen Fu appeared to center a great deal of his consideration on status, and I imagine that it was for the most part because of his family and his social class that he was naturally introduced to. I can't help suspecting that the higher status you had in those days, the more you concentrated on status and set being conceived of high class up in place of worship. Shen Fu his entire life was looking for this ââ¬Å"Floating Lifeâ⬠which essentially implies that youââ¬â¢re financially secure, and that life is an even more a ââ¬Å"dreamâ⬠as opposed to real reality. I thought he was continually looking for this since he was continually attempting to make sense of how to get significantly more cash-flow, or to get an alluring academic position. Shen Fu, as I would like to think, was somewhat ravenous and materialistic, and was commonly out for himself. Despite the fact that, to be reasonable, he provided for his family by taking on a wide range of sorts of employments, credits, and even by endeavoring to sell his wifeââ¬â¢s work of art. This book is in reality better known being a romantic tale. In spite of the fact that it is entirely different then what we figure a romantic tale ought to customarily comprise of. Shen Fu was known for investing a ton of energy with Prostitutes, and his better half appeared to be satisfied with it, she even proceeded to discover him a courtesan. Shen Fu fundamentally saw his better half as his equivalent, as opposed to looking down on her as a lady, this was an extremely uncommon view for a man to have considering the time and spot this took story took course. Most conventional loves stories would cause this story to seem insane, this is generally in light of the fact that the more customary idea of affection is between two individuals sharing and communicating common affections for one another. Love is for the most part not thought of as the spouse going out and looking for a decent Concubine for her better half to lay down with. In any case, I think the more sentimental and warming piece of the story was that Shen Fu and his significant other, Yun, delighted in perusing, drinking, and composing verse together. I really believe that they truly appreciated each otherââ¬â¢s organization. Another motivation behind why this story could be see as somewhat of a sentiment, was on the grounds that Shen Fu was truly dedicated to supporting his family by working and taking on numerous occupations and duties. His commitment to his significant other was quite sentimental all by itself. I didnââ¬â¢t believe that Shen Fu was a dutiful child in light of the fact that there was a great deal of contention between his family. Believe that a ton of the contention was on the grounds that he went down in class and never became a justice like he and his family had trusted he would. It appears as though his family saw at him as though he didnââ¬â¢t make enough of an effort and was a to some degree an inability to them. I would consider Shen Fu in the lower to white collar class, since, he never landed the position as a justice and didnââ¬â¢t have enough cash to satisfactorily bolster his family, so he needs to auction his wifeââ¬â¢s fine art. I would most likely place him in the lower class, yet the way that he originated from a white collar class family and had a courtesan may put him a little on the higher side of classes. I feel that this account of Shen Fuââ¬â¢s life does without a doubt embody the run of the mill way of life during the Qing Dynasty. Shen Fu and his significant other both saw each other as equivalents, which in those days was extremely unique in relation to the standard. How he concentrated mush of his consideration on status was a huge thing during the Qing period, and how he sought to have a coasting way of life. I think it additionally indicated how that despite the fact that he had a spouse, he went out drinking with whores and with his Concubine, which appears as though it was entirely normal in those days. Generally speaking, I believed that it was really an entirely fascinating book. It unquestionably wasnââ¬â¢t what I was expecting, and It gave a genuine case of how life was for his group during the Qing period. The most effective method to refer to Shen Fu, Papers Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-20456550475473291172020-08-21T06:18:00.003-07:002020-08-21T06:18:30.717-07:00The Use of Suboxone for Opiate AddictionThe Use of Suboxone for Opiate Addiction Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print Treating Opiate Addiction With Suboxone Combination Drug Offers Advantages Over Methadone Therapy By Mark Cichocki, RN twitter linkedin Mark Cichocki, RN, is an HIV/AIDS nurse educator at the University of Michigan Health System for more than 20 years. Learn about our editorial policy Mark Cichocki, RN Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on December 09, 2014 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 20, 2019 Pamela Moore / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Opiate addiction is a growing problem in the U.S. as evidenced by the 2015 outbreak of HIV in Indiana which was attributed to the abuse of the drug Oxycontin. In the face of a widening epidemic, a prescription drug called Suboxone (buprenorphine naloxone) is being increasingly used to treat opioid addiction. Understanding Opiates Opiates are a family of narcotic drug derived naturally or synthetically from the seed of the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). They function as sedatives to depress activity in the central nervous system, thereby reducing pain and inducing sleep. Long-term opiate use can result in increased tolerance to the drug. When this happens, the user would need to increase the dose to achieve the same effect. This can cause an increasing dependence which we have come to know as an addiction. In some cases, this can lead to accidental overdose and even death. Some of the most commonly abused opiates include: HeroinFentanylMorphineVicodin (hydrocodone)OxycontinOxycodoneCodeineMethadone Treating Opioid Addiction With Suboxone Suboxone is an oral prescription drug that was granted approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2002 to treat opioid addiction. Prescribed as either a sublingual tablet or film, it contains two active drugs: Buprenorphine, a partial opioid antagonist, which provides relief from craving and withdrawal symptoms by blocking opiate receptors in the brainNaloxone, an opiate antagonist, which blocks the effects of the opiate drug itself The combined use overcomes some of the shortcomings of the individual drugs. Buprenorphine, for example, has the potential to be addictive but is less so since the naloxone quashes the opiate effects. Naloxone, by contrast, works in the background as a deterrent, only taking effect when opiates are injected into the system. When this happens, naloxone can induce withdrawal symptoms including nausea, headache, sweating, restlessness, vomiting, and trembling. Effectiveness Suboxone has been found to be effective in that it reduces the cravings associated with long-term opiate use while providing deterrence to current use. Compared to methadone, Suboxone is less addictive and faster acting (taking around a week to detoxify compared to weeks or even months with methadone). Suboxone also seems to work better when used for longer periods of time. One study showed that opiate-dependent youth who used Suboxone for 12 weeks were more likely to remain abstinent compared to counterparts who had only undergone two-week detox treatment. How Its Prescribed Suboxone is prescribed as part of a structured drug detoxification program and for maintenance therapy when needed. It is available as a generic (under the brand names Bunavail and Zubsolve) and offered in various formulations to ensure the gradual tapering off of use: 12 mg buprenorphine with 3 mg naloxone8 mg buprenorphine with 2 mg naloxone4 mg buprenorphine with 1 mg naloxone2 mg buprenorphine with 0.5 mg naloxone Treatment Plans While approaches can vary depending on treatment centers, there are typically four steps to any Suboxone treatment plan: Intake which includes a medical and psychosocial evaluation, a urine drug screen, and blood tests to ensure that you can take the drug without harmInduction to transition you from the opiates you are currently on to Suboxone with the aim of minimizing cold turkey withdrawal symptomsStabilization where Suboxone is adjusted to the lowest dose to suppress withdrawal symptoms to allow for eventual tapering off and discontinuation of treatmentMaintenance for those with severe addiction who may need on-going, medically supervised treatment and support (including attendance at a Narcotics Anonymous or non-step support group) Considerations Suboxone should not be used in persons with moderate to severe liver dysfunction as the can lead to a worsening of symptoms. Common side effects include headache, nausea, vomiting, excessive sweating, constipation, symptoms of withdrawal, insomnia, pain, and the accumulation of fluids in the legs (peripheral edema). Suboxone does have the potential for misuse if injected. In such case, the relatively low dose of naloxone does not appear to mitigate the high achieved from the buprenorphine component. As such, Suboxone can only be prescribed under a doctor-supervised treatment or maintenance program. Because opioid addiction is both a physical and psychological illness, treatment requires a multidisciplinary team able to address both of those needs. If you feel you could benefit from Suboxone, contact the hospitals or mental health agencies in your area for referrals to nearby addiction treatment centers. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-3331177653363125642020-08-21T06:18:00.001-07:002020-08-21T06:18:30.287-07:00The Use of Suboxone for Opiate AddictionThe Use of Suboxone for Opiate Addiction Addiction Drug Use Opioids Print Treating Opiate Addiction With Suboxone Combination Drug Offers Advantages Over Methadone Therapy By Mark Cichocki, RN twitter linkedin Mark Cichocki, RN, is an HIV/AIDS nurse educator at the University of Michigan Health System for more than 20 years. Learn about our editorial policy Mark Cichocki, RN Medically reviewed by Medically reviewed by Steven Gans, MD on December 09, 2014 Steven Gans, MD is board-certified in psychiatry and is an active supervisor, teacher, and mentor at Massachusetts General Hospital. Learn about our Medical Review Board Steven Gans, MD Updated on November 20, 2019 Pamela Moore / Getty Images More in Addiction Drug Use Opioids Cocaine Heroin Marijuana Meth Ecstasy/MDMA Hallucinogens Prescription Medications Alcohol Use Addictive Behaviors Nicotine Use Coping and Recovery Opiate addiction is a growing problem in the U.S. as evidenced by the 2015 outbreak of HIV in Indiana which was attributed to the abuse of the drug Oxycontin. In the face of a widening epidemic, a prescription drug called Suboxone (buprenorphine naloxone) is being increasingly used to treat opioid addiction. Understanding Opiates Opiates are a family of narcotic drug derived naturally or synthetically from the seed of the opium poppy plant (Papaver somniferum). They function as sedatives to depress activity in the central nervous system, thereby reducing pain and inducing sleep. Long-term opiate use can result in increased tolerance to the drug. When this happens, the user would need to increase the dose to achieve the same effect. This can cause an increasing dependence which we have come to know as an addiction. In some cases, this can lead to accidental overdose and even death. Some of the most commonly abused opiates include: HeroinFentanylMorphineVicodin (hydrocodone)OxycontinOxycodoneCodeineMethadone Treating Opioid Addiction With Suboxone Suboxone is an oral prescription drug that was granted approval from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration in 2002 to treat opioid addiction. Prescribed as either a sublingual tablet or film, it contains two active drugs: Buprenorphine, a partial opioid antagonist, which provides relief from craving and withdrawal symptoms by blocking opiate receptors in the brainNaloxone, an opiate antagonist, which blocks the effects of the opiate drug itself The combined use overcomes some of the shortcomings of the individual drugs. Buprenorphine, for example, has the potential to be addictive but is less so since the naloxone quashes the opiate effects. Naloxone, by contrast, works in the background as a deterrent, only taking effect when opiates are injected into the system. When this happens, naloxone can induce withdrawal symptoms including nausea, headache, sweating, restlessness, vomiting, and trembling. Effectiveness Suboxone has been found to be effective in that it reduces the cravings associated with long-term opiate use while providing deterrence to current use. Compared to methadone, Suboxone is less addictive and faster acting (taking around a week to detoxify compared to weeks or even months with methadone). Suboxone also seems to work better when used for longer periods of time. One study showed that opiate-dependent youth who used Suboxone for 12 weeks were more likely to remain abstinent compared to counterparts who had only undergone two-week detox treatment. How Its Prescribed Suboxone is prescribed as part of a structured drug detoxification program and for maintenance therapy when needed. It is available as a generic (under the brand names Bunavail and Zubsolve) and offered in various formulations to ensure the gradual tapering off of use: 12 mg buprenorphine with 3 mg naloxone8 mg buprenorphine with 2 mg naloxone4 mg buprenorphine with 1 mg naloxone2 mg buprenorphine with 0.5 mg naloxone Treatment Plans While approaches can vary depending on treatment centers, there are typically four steps to any Suboxone treatment plan: Intake which includes a medical and psychosocial evaluation, a urine drug screen, and blood tests to ensure that you can take the drug without harmInduction to transition you from the opiates you are currently on to Suboxone with the aim of minimizing cold turkey withdrawal symptomsStabilization where Suboxone is adjusted to the lowest dose to suppress withdrawal symptoms to allow for eventual tapering off and discontinuation of treatmentMaintenance for those with severe addiction who may need on-going, medically supervised treatment and support (including attendance at a Narcotics Anonymous or non-step support group) Considerations Suboxone should not be used in persons with moderate to severe liver dysfunction as the can lead to a worsening of symptoms. Common side effects include headache, nausea, vomiting, excessive sweating, constipation, symptoms of withdrawal, insomnia, pain, and the accumulation of fluids in the legs (peripheral edema). Suboxone does have the potential for misuse if injected. In such case, the relatively low dose of naloxone does not appear to mitigate the high achieved from the buprenorphine component. As such, Suboxone can only be prescribed under a doctor-supervised treatment or maintenance program. Because opioid addiction is both a physical and psychological illness, treatment requires a multidisciplinary team able to address both of those needs. If you feel you could benefit from Suboxone, contact the hospitals or mental health agencies in your area for referrals to nearby addiction treatment centers. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-26074993924340721302020-05-24T19:39:00.001-07:002020-05-24T19:39:03.733-07:00Traditional learning vs. Online Learning - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1398 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/10/10 Did you like this example? In this era, going to university or college is not a major issue in fact it has become something that is almost obvious. For a very long time, majority of the students were faced with the challenge of choosing the type of school that is best suitable for them and the most favorable mode of payment. Currently, with the constantly improving technology and new inventions, the challenge has shifted to the type of learning. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Traditional learning vs. Online Learning" essay for you Create order This has resulted to very many questions that tend to answer the question which is the best comparing traditional and online learning. Not only do studentââ¬â¢s face this challenge but also schools are wondering what the best direction to go is. It can be very hard to determine actually the best mode of learning as there are people who still believe in the traditional system of learning while others have overwhelmingly embraced online learning. Basically people who still hold on the traditional learning believe that students can get access to a wider variety of learning resources, it makes the work of teachers quite easy and at the same time itââ¬â¢s rewarding to the teachers, it is also most favored by the job market (Carnevale 1). People that stand in favor of traditional learning justify the same with a number of claims. First they believe that traditional learning offers students numerous resources that they require during the learning process. It also allows for interpersonal relationships between students.à Interaction between students is very important lack of meet may affect the academic life of an individual. The aspect of social integration is one that is very valuable in the life of any student during his/her period in school. One important resource that a student will have in traditional learning aspect is face to face education. This is something that is usually considered to the most satisfying for both the learner and the instructor. It is also very ideal for teachers as it does not add more work to them in preparing the same the material to cater for online learning and therefore saves a lot of time. Secondly, majority of the teachers may not be well oriented in the area of technology which is a requirement for the case of online learning. This therefore creates a hurdle in the process of preparing learning materials for online learning and to come up with teaching practices that are more concrete. Apart from that the aspect of online learning is one that is quite impersonal and therefore its results may not be quite rewarding to the teachers. This is because most teachers derive their satisfaction from the interaction they have with their students. Apart from that students also look up to their teachers as their mentors because of the relationships they create. Online learning does not incorporate all this. it makes it hard for teachers to share their knowledge explicitly with the students and also teachers donââ¬â¢t get to experience the passion and excitements students usually have for a lecture. For instance, teachers find it rewarding when they see positive facial express ions from their students. Thirdly, itââ¬â¢s evident that the job market usually prefers students that have gone through traditional learning in the traditional schools (Carnevale 1). Most of the employers tend to favor applicants that portray high levels of proper communication and good interpersonal relationships. This can be very rare in students that went through online learning. A number of studies show that in the event there are two equal candidates that have applied for the same job, an employer tends to favor one with a traditional degree as opposed to the one that has obtained an online degree from a virtual school (Carnevale 1). Majority of online degrees tend to have no value in the job market as most institutions have been found not to adhere to regulations or in most cases are not accredited. On the other hand, we have people that prefer online learning to traditional learning. Such people have also come out with claims to support the same.à First, it is believed that online learning has proven to be quite advantageous to traditional learning basing on its benefits to both the teacher and students. The first advantage is that there are no disturbances like those that are usually experienced in an ideal classroom like in the case where a studentââ¬â¢s turn out to class after others have settled and the teacher has begun to teach (Allen 4-5). In the case of online learning, the student determines the most suitable place he/she would like to conduct his/her studies. Also teachers provide only the relevant information a student may need to perform a given task or assignment. This means that a student will only focus on the necessary details that the assignment needs as opposed to getting confused in the context of an ideal classroom where some open discussion tend to mi slead others off the topic (Allen 4-5). Secondly it is more continent and easy to obtain information directly from a teacher. In most cases students are usually equipped with the contact details of their instructors and therefore when they get stuck they can contact the teachers and arrange a meeting where the teacher will help the student with any question they have. Thirdly, online learning is better compared to traditional learning because of the number of students it can accommodate. It is common to have overcrowded students in a classroom which is not a good thing as learning will not be effective. In the case of online learning, the number of students taking the same course does not matter because everything takes the classes at the comfort of the rooms or offices. They can also have good time with their instructors to discuss their problems; this therefore makes learning more conducive. It therefore saves schools the cost of expanding their classrooms (Agosto 99). Fourthly, online learning is considered to be more effective compared to traditional learning. This is because of its challenging nature as students know that they have to work on their own. There is no dependence on others hence one is required to perform his/her research to complete assignments. A student only works with the discussions boards assigned to them and resources of their own.à With the independent mode of study, the retention capacity of a student is massively enhanced. It has been noted that students that students who went through online learning demonstrated better performance than others who did the same course through the traditional mode of learning (Visser 177). Lastly, the main reason that makes online learning the best is its convenience in terms of attending. It should be noted that there are many people who want to study but they cannot meet the demand of getting to class on a daily basis. This is the same as the people who cannot go to work on daily. In most cases no one plans to miss a class, but due to matters arising one has to. Many people tend to have families with small kids but cannot maintain a babysitter, others donââ¬â¢t own a car while other are students but have to work to support their education. Apart from that there are many people who are disabled but need to access education. This means that online learning makes work easier for all these categories of people. It makes it possible for them to avoid the fixed schedule made in traditional learning and they can choose the most appropriate time they want to conduct their classes. It is clear that online learning is most suitable in many cases. This is because part from providing everything that one can get from traditional; it is even cheaper and convenient. But most importantly we must appreciate the fact that the two modes of studies are needed in equal measure. It can be argued that some students will work well with online learning in some subjects and others poorly and the same applied to traditional learning (Casement 17). Therefore putting together these two types of learning will bring the best out of a student. The best thing to do in this era of modern technology is to look at the preference of a student and the mode of learning that suites them best and subject them to the same other than forcing them on a learning method that they can perform to their potential. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-48728486917063081662020-05-14T02:37:00.001-07:002020-05-14T02:37:07.229-07:00Ice-Fili Case Analysis - 1224 Words Ice-Fili case analysis 1. Please provide an in-depth five forces analysis to illustrate the competitive environment for Russiaââ¬â¢s ice cream industry. How is it likely to evolve? Five forces analysis: 1) The bargaining power of suppliers * As some producers such as Ice-Fili wanted to keep their productââ¬â¢s quality level, they imported specific raw materials, but they didnââ¬â¢t have a problem in finding new suppliers. * As the technology of Russia was lagged behind Westernââ¬â¢s, Ice cream producers needed to import most of their ice cream machines. The bargaining power of suppliers for raw materials is low, while for facilities is high. 2) The bargaining power of customers * There are various ice creams in Russia, soâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦* The Russian economy is discouraging foreign investments, but the producers needed that money to update technology, modernize infrastructure, develop marketing and packaging solutions, develop dealer and distributor networks and so on. * The Russian financial crisis of 1998 resulted in a financial collapse and devaluation of the ruble by 2/3. The domestic producers had to reduce their reliance on importe d materials and some foreign competitors exited the Russia market. 2) The fierce competition in Russia * Regional producers, who has a significant cost advantage and are more flexible To meet the market demand in regional areas, become more competitive. they accounted for about 30% of domestic market, a few regional even exhibited aggressive growth in Moscow and other metropolitan markets. * Foreign companies, such as Nestle, have a strong competitive advantage. Nestle has a long-term investment strategy, use local production and supplier to reduce cost, train and develop local staff who has a better understanding of the local market , and develop its own storage facilities, distribution and marketing network.. In addition, Nestle develop product that fit Russian taste and traditions. 3) The weakness of Ice-Fili * Cost disadvantage. High-price raw material, as well as the ice cream equipment, which has to import from other countries; high fixedShow MoreRelatedA Case Study of Ice-Fil i1715 Words à |à 7 Pagesï » ¿ Summary The paper provides analysis of Ice-Fili, and the paper reveals that Ice-Fili is one of the important ice cream producers in Russia. However, the entrant of foreign ice cream producers such as Nestle has made Ice-Fili to face stiff competitions within the industry. Porter five analysis reveals that Ice-Fili has not been able to compete effectively with foreign companies because the company still relies on imported equipment and technology and traditional method of production, whichRead More ICE FILI FIVE FORCES1019 Words à |à 5 Pagesï » ¿Ã Ashley Springer Ice-Fili case analysis November 22, 2012 Through tough times in the Russian ice cream market; one company has one company has pulled their weight and maintained their position on top. Established in 1937; Ice-Fili has survived the change in government, financial hard times, and the ever growing competition from international companies. However, given these events their market share, which was once dominated by Ice-Fili, has been significantly reduced. In fact the Harvard BusinessRead MoreIce Fili 5 Forces1376 Words à |à 6 PagesCase study 3: Competitive Advantages Ice-Fili: Ice cream market in Russia Here is a rà ©sumà © of the Five forces model of the ice cream industry in Russia: Threat of new entrants High Threat of substitute High Bargaining power of supplier Low Bargaining power of customer High Rivalry among competitors High ââ¬Å"What are the potential sources of competitive advantage in the Russian ice cream market?â⬠How do customers buy? - Russians consume 2.5 kg of ice cream compared to the 16 kg inRead MoreIce Fili Harvard Case1306 Words à |à 6 PagesICE-FILI CASE 1 - How attractive is the Russian ice cream industry in 2002? The main data about the attractiveness of this market are: - The consumption is about 6 times lower than in France, Canada, US because of a different mode of consumption. Indeed, Russians consider Ice Cream as an ââ¬Å"on the goâ⬠snack and not as a dessert they can have at home. - producing in Russia implies a certain adaptability of recipes since traditional Russian ice creams contain less fat and are made with natural ingredientsRead MoreIce Fili Harvard Case1299 Words à |à 6 PagesICE-FILI CASE 1 - How attractive is the Russian ice cream industry in 2002? The main data about the attractiveness of this market are: - The consumption is about 6 times lower than in France, Canada, US because of a different mode of consumption. Indeed, Russians consider Ice Cream as an ââ¬Å"on the goâ⬠snack and not as a dessert they can have at home. - producing in Russia implies a certain adaptability of recipes since traditional Russian ice creams contain less fat and are made with naturalRead MoreThe Russian Ice Cream Industry1649 Words à |à 7 PagesI. How structurally attractive is the Russian ice cream industry and how is it likely to evolve? The attractiveness of the ice cream industry in Russia is based on various factors including its growth potential and market opportunities (i.e. consumption of ice cream in restaurants, cafes, supermarkets, and or households) and economic and financial stability in Russia. Due to the financial crisis in 1998, the ice cream industry realized a sharp decrease in consumption coupled with increased productionRead MoreIce Fili Is The Top Ice Cream Company1373 Words à |à 6 PagesCase Analysis #1 Questions Case: Ice-Fili Introduction Ice-Fili is the top ice cream producer in Russia. Currently, the company is experiencing tough competition with Nestle, Baskin-Robbins and regional ice cream producers. Its loss in market share due to their poor quality decisions-making after Russia became an open marketing in 1992. Nestle took great advantage of Ice-Filiââ¬â¢s low reaction adjustment and is taking over their market. 1. Which segments of the general external environment, if anyRead MoreIce Fili Assignment6257 Words à |à 26 PagesA Strategic Case Analysis of Ice-Fili Seminar paper Document Nr. V68229 http://www.grin.com/ ISBN 978-3-638-60696-7 9 783638 606967 Università ¤t Konstanz Course: Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases ââ¬Å"Ice-Filiâ⬠A Strategic Case Analysis Written by: Christian Và ¶gtlin Table of Contents 1. 2. 2.1 2.2 2.4 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction ..............................................................................................................- 1 External Analysis............Read MoreIce Fili Assignment6257 Words à |à 26 PagesChristian Và ¶gtlin A Strategic Case Analysis of Ice-Fili Seminar paper Document Nr. V68229 http://www.grin.com/ ISBN 978-3-638-60696-7 9 783638 606967 Università ¤t Konstanz Course: Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases ââ¬Å"Ice-Filiâ⬠A Strategic Case Analysis Written by: Christian Và ¶gtlin Table of Contents 1. 2. 2.1 2.2 2.4 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Introduction .......................................................................................................Read MoreIce Fili Case Study1180 Words à |à 5 Pages1.Problem / Issue Identification: The Russian ice-cream market is not structurally attractivePorters 5 ForcesBargaining Power of Suppliers:-Not an issue-Commodities but big seasonal variations-Limited local sources of high quality butter-High availability of imported raw materials-Specialist equipment must be imported (but may be easy to copy?)Bargaining Power of Buyers:-consumers have low disposable income-distributors have power - they have many suppliers-Growth in supermarket sectors - may wield Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-31222308585095487002020-05-06T14:37:00.001-07:002020-05-06T14:37:31.761-07:00Albert C. Barnes A Man Beyond His Time - 1480 Words Albert C. Barnes was a man beyond his time. While the post-impressionists were being scrutinized and just starting to become better known, Barnes was collecting their work and amassing a huge collection of post-impressionist and early modern art. The Barnes Foundation, created by Barnes in 1922 to ââ¬Å"promote the advancement of education and the appreciation of the fine arts and horticulture.â⬠1, has one of the greatest collections of post-impressionist and early modern art in existence. With extensive collections from Renoir, Cezanne, Matisse, Picasso, and many more art masters of the time. These collections were artfully arranged for display in a building Barnes crafted specifically for the display and study of his collection. Barnes willed his collection to never be sold, rented, or lent to any extent and to stay where he left it. Since his sudden death in 1951, this statement has been scrutinized and debated, ultimately leading to turmoil and conflict even in the courts, and the collection was eventually moved from Barnesââ¬â¢ space in Merion County, Pennsylvania to the center of Philadelphia. This decision to move the Barnes Foundation, while questionable in process, was ultimately the right decision because the Barnes collection is so fantastic that everyone should be able to see it, opening to more viewers promotes the education that Barnes was passionate about, it was the best way to keep the Barnes Foundation open for business financially, and it is best for the art itselfShow MoreRelatedOedipus Rex, Sophocles1252 Words à |à 6 Pagescondemned to plentiful suffering; thus making Oedipus fit the mold of a tragic hero if we agree with Aristotle that Oedipus misfortune happens strictly because of his tragic flaw. Oedipusââ¬â¢ judgment alongside classic narcissistic behavior caused such events as the killing of King Laius and furthermore calling of Teiresias a liar and wedding his own blood. It was Teiresias idea in the beginning to slowly ease Oedipus into the truth; but Oedipus is too proud or perhaps blind to see any truths, and he refusesRead MoreThe Evolution of African American Identity1514 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe way the Africans held on to separate tribal identities from Africa, and had no sense of unity or national identity. The way Africans clung to their tribal identity is one of the largest factors that lead to their exploitation. With the every man for himself mentality and segregation amongst the culture, Africans were not only fighting against their white oppressors but also each other. Slave traders took advantage of this rift and began to exploit the Africans pitting tribe against tribeRead MoreEssay on Voyage and Psychological Development in Homers Odyssey3283 Words à |à 14 Pagesimpress in stature and roguish airs far beyond the others for is not the gray-eyed Athena, daughter of rain-bringing Zeus himself, bound in devotion to this mortal hero? It is she who repeatedly enhances Odysseus a ppearance so as to impress upon others his god-like qualities: And Athene, she who was born from Zeus, made him Bigger to look at and stouter, and on his head Made his hair flow in curls, like the hyacinth flower . . . So she poured grace upon his head and shoulders. (6.229-35) Read MoreLiterature and Language10588 Words à |à 43 Pagesbibliographers. (Dolores Burton, 1990) Helmut Hatzfeld was the first biographer of stylistics and his work in A Critical Bibliography of the New Stylistics (1953) was continued by Louis Milicââ¬â¢s Style and stylistics (1967), Richard Bailey and Dolores Burtonââ¬â¢ s English Stylistics (1968) and James Bennettââ¬â¢ s A Bibliography of Stylistics and Related Criticism (1986). Until Helmut Hatzfeld brought out his bibiography the word ââ¬Å"stylisticsâ⬠had not appeared in the title of any English book about styleRead MorePerformance Appraisals10210 Words à |à 41 Pagesappraisal. Performance appraisal is a process of obtaining, analysing and recording information about the relative worth of an employee. It is a systematic periodic and an impartial rating of an employee s excellence in matters pertaining to his present job and his potential for a better job. A good appraisal system provides right feedback about the quality of performance of an employee. In spite of dislike by several employees, performance appraisal has become an inescapable feature. It imparts benefitsRead MoreEssay on Framing the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users9798 Words à |à 40 PagesMarijuana Movement Nelson A. Pichardo Almanzar Dept. of Sociology Central Washington University Ellensburg, WA 98926 Pichardn@cwu.edu Thanks to Laura Appleton and Ericka Stange for comments on an earlier draft. Thanks also to Kirk Johnson for his assistance in locating criminal data sets. Framing the User: Social Constructions of Marijuana Users and the Medical Marijuana Movement ABSTRACT Social movements are continuously engaged in the act of framing. Whether it is to present their messageRead MoreNature of Strategic Management13243 Words à |à 53 PagesBut for strategists and managers today, there is no choice but to change. ROBERT WATERMAN, JR. If business is not based on ethical grounds, it is of no benefit to society and will, like ail other unethical combinations, pass into oblivion. C. MAX KILLAN If a man take no thought about what is distant, he will find sorrow near at hand. He who will not worry about what is fat off will soon find something worse than worry. CONFUCIUS It is human nature to make decisions based on emotion, rather than onRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words à |à 1573 PagesThree Ethical Decision Criteria 187 â⬠¢ Improving Creativity in Decision Making 188 Summary and Implications for Managers 190 S A S A S A L L L Self-Assessment Library What Are My Gender Role Perceptions? 166 glOBalization! Chinese Time, North American Time 171 Myth or Science? Creative Decision Making Is a Right-Brain Activity 181 Self-Assessment Library Am I A Deliberate Decision Maker? 183 An Ethical Choice Whose Ethical Standards to Follow? 185 Self-Assessment Library How Creative Am I?Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words à |à 1617 PagesManagementââ¬â-Study and teaching. 2. Managementââ¬âProblems, exercises, etc. Kim S. II. Title. HD30.4.W46 2011 658.40071 173ââ¬âdc22 I. Cameron, 2009040522 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 ISBN 10: 0-13-612100-4 ISBN 13: 978-0-13-612100-8 B R I E F TA B L E O F C O N T E N T S Preface xvii Introduction 1 PART I 1 2 3 PERSONAL SKILLS 44 Developing Self-Awareness 45 Managing Personal Stress 105 Solving Problems Analytically and Creatively 167 PART II 4 5 6 7 INTERPERSONAL SKILLS 232 233 Read MoreInnovators Dna84615 Words à |à 339 Pages10 Putting the Innovatorââ¬â¢s DNA into Practice 215 Philosophies Conclusion: Act Different, Think Different, Make a Difference 235 Appendix A: Sample of Innovators Interviewed Appendix B: The Innovatorââ¬â¢s DNA Research Methods Appendix C: Developing Discovery Skills Notes Index Acknowledgments About the Authors 241 245 249 261 269 283 295 100092 00a 001-014 INT r1 go.qxp 5/13/11 9:53 AM Page 1 Introduction I Itââ¬â¢s the lifeblood of our global economy Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-66958197400002923192020-05-05T15:41:00.001-07:002020-05-05T15:41:08.125-07:00Caring for Children and Young People free essay sample Once you have read this handbook, it will help you understand why many children often end up being looked after by other people rather than their parents. When a child ends up gettingâ⬠looked afterâ⬠it means the local authority has placed a care order to be put in place for them to be placed in someone elseââ¬â¢s care. There are two types of care that a child can enter into. One is voluntary where their parents put them in care because either they cannot cope or are finding it difficult to look after the child. The other is involuntary when a court order will be placed due to concerns for the childââ¬â¢s welfare and safety. In this booklet I will explain some of the reasons why children can end up in care or being looked after. There are often family related reasons and some of these are listed below: Loss of a Parent ââ¬â if the childââ¬â¢s parent/s passes away and they can no longer be cared for by them, then they will be put into care hopefully with other family members or family friends if safe to do so. Emotional abuse is when things are said to the person who can mentally damage them, for example telling your child something which can make them feel bad about themselves and it can lead to disorders such as anxiety or depression if it continues. It can also be when the parents choose to restrict the childââ¬â¢s freedom, by making them unable to see certain people or making them feel jealous about events which they should have no emotions for. Intellectual abuse can take place whereby the parents call their children names such as ââ¬Å"nerdâ⬠if they are really good at something in particular or ââ¬Å"stupidâ⬠if they keep failing in a certain thing without being offered any help. Sexual abuse is when the child is sexually harassed while they are still young so the parents or strangers are able to get to the child very easily as they child isnââ¬â¢t fully aware of the situation they are in. Neglect happens when the parents choose to simply ignore the child. If they child is saying they are hungry or wants help on their homework the parents would simply ignore it and let the child fend for themselves. Most the time the children are too young to know how to make them selfs food and often end up going hungry. Also the parents may choose to leave the child at home while they go out, even though the child is still quite young and it can be dangerous if anything goes wrong while they are out. Bullying and harassment can be maltreatment as someone who chooses to bully another individual can make the individual feel down about them selfs and they may choose to disengage from the society due to how they are being treated by others. This ca be the same with harassment as someone would constantly be harassing another individual, probably for no particular reason and it would cause that individual to be agitated and they may feel the need to apply inappropriate behaviours either towards the individuals bullying or harassing them or towards themselves, which could be more tragic for their families and friends. Within all the different types of maltreatment, the child can be at risk of maltreatment of any kind, at any time within their own family circle, outside their family, so meaning around their friends or peers or community, within a care setting, which could be school, if they are present within a residential care home, or even with strangers who may choose to stalk the child or could apply more inappropriate behaviours towards the child. As a health and social care professional it is inessential that you are area of the indicators which can suggest any forms of maltreatment within the children and younger people. The two main ways which you can spot signs of maltreatment is physically and via the childs behaviour. Indicators of maltreatment which would be physical on the children would be constant bruising on their skin, if you see one bruise you canââ¬â¢t automatically assume there is maltreatment going on within their family home as all children at a young age have bruises every now and then from falling over, however if you are constantly seeing bruises that arenââ¬â¢t going and instead getting worse, that can be a indicator of maltreatment. That ties in with any unexplained injuries that may be spotted on the child at any given time. If you happen to see the child has an injury which is considered as unexplained as it may not be a normal everyday injury, that can indicate maltreatment within the childs family home. Soreness in places which shouldnââ¬â¢t be sore can be a big indicator of maltreatment occurring within the family home. If the child seems underweight or may not be the average size for a child of their age can be an indicator of maltreatment within the family home, whereby they arenââ¬â¢t being fed the right amount of food or are going hungry at home from being ignored. With the child having poor personal hygiene, it can be an indicator of maltreatment happening within the family home where they arenââ¬â¢t getting treated how they should be and may have to fend for themselves and at the age they are at they donââ¬â¢t really understand what they need to do in order to be healthy. There are different behaviours which the children may show which can be indicators of maltreatment occurring within the family home. Withdrawal from activities and not participating can be an indicator, as well as aggression towards either the other children or staff. The child may show some sort of distressed behaviour while they are within care of the professionals. They may constantly be rocking or head banging which may be behaviour which they do at home to calm them down and show this indicator while in care of the professionals. The child may be showing signs they are always hungry or constantly alerting the staff that they are hungry. They may feel reluctant to go home when it is home time and may show fear when their parents or carers arrive. Having low self-esteem can indicate maltreatment, whereby they wouldnââ¬â¢t act as themselves as they may have been criticized about it within their family home. Their development compared to the other children could be behind as they havenââ¬â¢t been receiving the support they need from their families and have missed important milestones within their development stages. There are also wider factors which suggest risks of maltreatment occurring within family homes. Living in dysfunctional family relationships can increase a risk of maltreatment occurring due to the fact of the relationships within the family arenââ¬â¢t to the best they can be, meaning there are more arguments than normal making the bonds between each other poorer than they should be. If there is a link within family history of abuse it can increase the risk of abuse happening due to the fact it has happened before in previous generations, there is more of a chance it may happen again. With the parents having poor or impaired parenting skills it can increase the risk of maltreatment whereby they arenââ¬â¢t very sure as to how to look after and treat their child which can lead to neglect. They may also have impairments which would make it harder for them to look after their child properly and without them realising it may lead to neglect. The parents having a lack of attachment can increase the risk of maltreatment where they havenââ¬â¢t bonded very well with their child and may feel that they arenââ¬â¢t loved very much and choose to neglect the child. Substance abuse within the household can increase the risk of maltreatment as the parents would be under the influence of illegal drugs or alcohol and wouldnââ¬â¢t be fully aware of their actions. To meet M3 ââ¬â Assess strategies and methods used to minimise the harm to children, young people and their families where abuse is confirmed. Within the same presentation you are required to assess how useful the multi-agency approach is to dealing with safeguarding children. You may want to discuss previous real-life cases where child abuse has occurred and the intervention or lack of intervention that has taken place, for example Victoria Climbie and Peter Connolly. Where abuse has been confirmed within families, there are different strategies and methods which are used in order to help minimise the harm to children, young people and their families. With children and young people, you would be respectful and use the child-centred approach, which is safeguarding the children and young people with services that are effective and have a clear understanding of the needs and views of children. The children would want to be respected; their views heard, stable relationships with professionals built on trust and for consistent support provided for their individual needs. The professionals should see, speak and listen to what the child has to say, take their views seriously, and work with them when deciding how to support their needs. This is the same for the professionals with providing active support to the children and young children. If they show that they arenââ¬â¢t interested in giving support to the children and young people when they need it the children may feel like they arenââ¬â¢t going to get the help that they need. Keeping no secrets within cases of abuse is important as the children and young people may feel like they are missing out on important information which could be about being helped with the situations they are currently in. Giving the children and young people support on their assertiveness and self-confidence, to help them feel better about themselves regardless of the situation they are in, which would make them feel like they can tackle the problems and find a way out. With parents and families, there are different strategies and methods which are used to minimise the harm where abuse is confirmed. By developing supportive partnership relationships with parents and families they are able to minimise the harm, whereby the parents are involved with the assessment of the childs needs so that the parents doesnââ¬â¢t have any problems with the arrangement made. As the parents may make contributions, one method is helping the parents to recognize the value and significance of their contributions that they make which can also encourage the development of their parenting skills. With maltreatment as a whole, there are different consequences which can occur, some more tragic than others. Emotional and psychological dysfunction affecting relationships can occur, where the child may have displaced their anger for their parents on to a friend or another loved one, without realising and caused damage to themselves and the others around them. They wouldnââ¬â¢t mean to displace their anger as it would just happen naturally where they have had the build-up of anger towards their parents for a long period of time and are unable to hold it any longer; making them lash out on another loved one. Self-harming can be a big consequence within teenagers as they feel itââ¬â¢s the only way to ââ¬Ëfeel betterââ¬â¢ as they think living on pain is better. They may also injure to self-harming as they find it as a relief to the other pain which is being conflicted onto them within their life. Worst of all they may end up becoming perpetrators of abuse themselves so when they have children of their own there is more chance of them being abused by their parents as their parents were abused in their childhood too. This is bad as the abuse would have continued within their family and causes more problems for when their children grow up and as they continue making the family line, signs of abuse may be evident within every generation. Intellectually the child may have an impaired capacity to learn. This could be where they have been abused from the early years of their life making them unable to learn the main everyday things due to the fact they may feel scared of the consequences which may occur if they attempt it. This can also occur if they have missed the important milestone of learning basic things at a certain age due to the abuse the child was receiving off their parents and not being taught the need to know basics of life. This leads on to the point that their brain development can be subtly affected where they havenââ¬â¢t learnt or been taught what they needed know at the certain ages within their early years development as they had missed the crucial time where they would have picked up the certain action at a quick and easy pace. Socially they become inadequacy, meaning they wouldnââ¬â¢t socialize with their peers who are always around them and feel incapable of talking to others, as they find it hard to socialize. This is also known as ââ¬ËAvoidant Personality Disorderââ¬â¢. Children and young people who suffer from this would have more sensitivity to negative criticism and rejection as well as being shy and socially awkward. For someone who has the avoidant personality disorder may show signs of avoiding work, social, or school activities due to having the fear of criticism or rejection. Have low self-esteem and choose to self-isolate themselves from others. They may also be afraid to speak up as they have the fear of saying something wrong, blushing, stammering or just simply getting embarrassed. This makes it difficult for them to connect with other people just for simple friendships, and if within a relationship, they may feel afraid to share any personal information or talking about your feelings, which all makes it hard to maintain any relationships. Illnesses can occur as a consequence of maltreatment where an individual can develop psychosomatic illnesses, auto-immune disorders, suffer from unwanted pregnancy and carry sexually transmitted infections. A psychosomatic disorder is a disease which involves both the mind and body. Some physical diseases can be made worse by mental factors such as stress and anxiety. Most diseases which are developed are mainly psychosomatic diseases as there is a mental aspect to every physical disease, due to how we react and cope. Compared to this there can be physical effects which are caused from the mental illness as you may not eat well or take care of yourself very well which would cause your physical problems. Auto-immune disorder is a condition where the immune system mistakenly attacks and destroys healthy tissue within the body. The personââ¬â¢s immune system canââ¬â¢t tell the difference between healthy body tissue and antigens and as a response to that the immune system destroys the healthy tissue. An auto-immune disorder may result in the destruction of one or more types of body tissue, abnormal growth of an organ, or changes in organ function. It may affect one or more organs or tissue types and the most commonly affected organs and tissues include: blood vessels; connective tissues; endocrine glands, such as the pancreas; joints; muscles; red blood cells; skin. Unwanted pregnancy may occur as a consequence of maltreatment on the basis of sexual abuse. It could have happened while the young person was in their teens and were sexually abused within their life. They may be left with an unwanted pregnancy due to their childhood. Also they may have sexually transmitted infections due to sexual abuse which could have happened within their childhood or teenage years, which makes them suffer for the rest of their lives. Mental health can be a consequence of maltreatment where the young person had been growing up within an abusive environment and may have felt anxious while growing up, which could have carried on with them in their later years, resulting in stress or anxiety. Attempted suicide can be a massive consequence of maltreatment as where the parents are not acknowledging the childs presence and continually putting the child down, they may feel that they are worthless and no one would be affected if they disappear. Also they may attempt suicide in a chance to stop all the pain and nastiness which they have within their life and just want it all to end. Substance abuse may occur as the young people may find it relieving to excessively drink as it takes the pain away and by abusing drugs. This would make them addicted but they would probably feel some pain relief from it, and that could end up resulting badly if it isnââ¬â¢t tended to. There are four theories of maltreatment, which are medical, sociological, psychological and feminist. Range Theories of maltreatment: Medical, Sociological, Psychological, Feminist Issues: Cultural, eg changing face of the family, Social disadvantage, Different concepts of discipline, Cultural variations To meet D2 ââ¬â Justify responses where child maltreatment or abuse is suspected or confirmed, referring to current legislation and policies. Justify the responses taken where suspected maltreatment or abuse is suspected or confirmed and to refer to current legislation and policies. For example; justify reasons why it may at times be necessary to remove a child from the family home and place into care. Range Procedures where maltreatment is considered, suspected, confirmed or excluded: Policies of the setting; Implementing safe working practices; Whistleblowing; Reporting arrangements; Security of records; Sequence of events leading to registration on child protection register or care proceedings Roles and responsibilities: Following the policies and procedures of setting; Observation; Responsibility for observing children and families and their interaction; Recognising maltreatment indicators; How to respond if maltreatment is suspected; What action to take following disclosure, maintaining confidentiality according to policies of the setting Responding to direct or indirect disclosure: Listening carefully and attentively; Communicating at the child/young personââ¬â¢s own pace and without undue pressure; Taking the child/young person seriously; Reassuring and supporting the child/young person; Providing unconditional acceptance; Boundaries of confidentiality; Promptly following the correct procedures of the setting; How to deal with own feelings and emotions Support for children/young people who disclose: Provide access to professional support; Demonstrating unconditional acceptance of the child/young person; Empowering children and young people to take control of their situation; Awareness of the potential impact on the child/young person and other family members, counteracting possible stereotyping Minimising the effects of abuse: Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-77627168787581144292020-04-04T16:29:00.001-07:002020-04-04T16:29:03.330-07:00Iceberg Model McClelland Theory free essay sample The Iceberg Model has been used in systems thinking. It explains that an iceberg only exposes 10% of its mass above water while 90% of its mass is hidden below the surface. Similarly, an individual competence is analogous to an Iceberg Model because there are both observable and hidden components. (Refer to Illustration 1) The observable components would be the individualââ¬â¢s knowledge and skills while the hidden components include values, self-image and motives. (Refer to Illustration 2) The hidden aspect of the competencies is what drives an individual with knowledge and skills to perform at his best and to achieve superior performance. Let us understand this model through an example. In the current hiring practices in Singapore, many organisations are still using the traditional method of recruitment, where emphasis is on visible competencies of knowledge and skills. Hidden attributes like the individualââ¬â¢s value system, self-image and motives are only uncovered as the individual progresses within the organisation. We will write a custom essay sample on Iceberg Model McClelland Theory or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Specifically, in the current banking industry, an individual is deemed to be of a right fit for a sales advisory position once the individual has obtained all the industry certifications required by the Monetary Association of Singapore (MAS) and possesses a good understanding of the various financial instruments. However, by selecting an individual solely by his qualifications and knowledge, without a deeper understanding of the individualââ¬â¢s values, views on investment, aspirations and his thinking style may implicate the organisation reputation and goals. The individual may display sign of non-integrity through his dealings with the bankââ¬â¢s high net-worth clients. The bank may then discover that the individualââ¬â¢s aspiration is not aligned with the bankââ¬â¢s vision of clientââ¬â¢s servicing and management Going back to the Iceberg Model, to identify a high performer for an organisation, it is essential for any organisation to recognise the visible and hidden components of an individualââ¬â¢s competencies. This will allow the organisation to have a birdââ¬â¢s eye view of the competence of the individual as the hidden aspect of the competencies will directly stimulate and encourage the usage of the knowledge and skills to align with the organisation goals and to achieve organisation success. McClelland Theory A brief review- Three needs theory McClelland is a renowned American Psychologist best known for his Motivation Theory. In the 1940s, McClelland stated that once an individual has fulfilled his basic needs of food and shelter, an individual would have 3 kinds of motivational needs. (Refer to Illustration 3) the need for achievement (n-ach)- desire to achieve and attain goals that are challenging but are realistic the need for power (n-pow)- desire to gain authority, influence and leadership the need for affiliation (n-affil)- seeks to form relationships and to interact with other people, seeking recognition Competence Based Assessment In the 1970s, McClelland became more interested in competence based approach and its use for recruitment. Competence is widely described as the underlying characteristic of an individual which allows him to deliver superior performance at a task, role or position. 1 McClelland published an article in 1973 entitled ââ¬Å"Testing for competence rather than for intelligenceâ⬠and identified that traditional gauge of performance such as aptitude test, examination results and references were not good predictor of an individualââ¬â¢s job performance. 2 In his study, McClelland developed 2 key tools to identify competencies Criterion Samples Study of two control group which involved the top performer and the average performer The objective is to identify the differentiating factor in performance and how to encourage better performance from the average group Behavioural Event Interviews (BEI) Highly structured and complex interview focusing on the characteristics of the individual The objective is to ascertain the individualââ¬â¢s deep rooted beliefs and to reveal the individualââ¬â¢s behaviour patterns under specific stimulated scenarios and incidents With these tools, organisations can now adopt McClellandââ¬â¢s competence based assessment to improve their overall performance by hiring the right individual for the job. The data collected from the assessment could be used to design highly targeted programs to develop the necessary competencies. This will in return motivate their average performance to become top performer. For example, it is a widely practice in aviation leader such as Singapore Airlines, whereby an individual who aspires to be a pilot, are required to go through the organisationââ¬â¢s rigorous interviews and training programmes to identify the individual characteristic and behavioural pattern under stress and his reliability and sense of responsibility. Apart from the behavioural event interviews, other forms of assessment for pilots may take the form of complex analytical questions and answers sessions, innovation test, lateral thinking test, and emergency cum stimulator experience test to observe the individual performance during the course. These are necessary approach in their recruitment and training as the airline recognises the importance of safety conscious, highly qualify and reliable pilots in delivering superior performance and maintain the organisation mission for aviation safety. Hence, it is notably evident that the McClellandââ¬â¢s Competence Based Assessment has direct similarities to the Iceberg Model which identifies the hidden components of competencies of an individual. Both stresses on the importance of looking beyond the knowledge and skill sets and into the deep rooted competencies of an individual such as self-image, traits and motives and behavioural patterns to correctly identify the right individual to achieve superior performance. Appendices Iceberg Model Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-30501684566359187032020-03-08T14:58:00.001-07:002020-03-08T14:58:03.434-07:00Individual Assignment The Introduction To Hospitality Tourism Essay EssaysIndividual Assignment The Introduction To Hospitality Tourism Essay Essays Individual Assignment The Introduction To Hospitality Tourism Essay Paper Individual Assignment The Introduction To Hospitality Tourism Essay Paper the usage of computing machines in travel bureaus and sophisticated databases for selling intents are now ordinary. Increase in competition within the industry will coerce organisations to utilize new engineering to the full. New developments in transit make extended usage of new engineering, for illustration the Channel Tunnel, the progresss in aircraft design and opening up new long-hall finishs. Then more develop coach is ace VIP coach. This is dwelling of all the service to the riders. So the riders can bask the traveling period. Furthermore, another factor is, the engineering develops until the riders or the clients can acquire the information of the travel and touristry industry in cyberspace. The peculiar bureau will update all the information in web so the clients can look into easy all the information about their circuit and can easy reach to the peculiar bureau. This makes the bureau celebrated among the people because all over the universe can entree their information and can see to the peculiar bureau. At the same clip besides help the clients to acquire all their information in item and faster excessively. Cultural and environmental factors besides affect the travel and touristry industry. In the 1980s saw the outgrowth in Britain of a greater environmental consciousness and a society that was get downing to take its wellness and fittingness earnestly. These factors are likely to stay of import influences on travel and touristry developments in the hereafter with alleged green issues high on the docket. The political facet besides affects this industry. The security concerns over travel have had a serious impact on the travel and touristry industry. Which are taking to increased concern failures in certain state of affairs if the authorities neer invent in this industry. The authorities must provides all the services to assist the industry such as prepare a good route for travel and railroad paths for the tracks travel so the travel and touristry industry can easy can safely go. Then the pick of finish besides affects this industry. Most of the client likes to go for a celebrated and gratifying topographic point. So they must convey out the travel and touristry to a celebrated popular topographic point, which got a high demand among the people. Then choose of topographic point should be harmonizing to the age group. If want to transport on a travel and touristry, must be a topographic point where got a tonss of merriment and amusement but if want to transport on for veterans agencies topographic point should be suited for them. So they can bask the travel with fullest and the affect besides will be the positive type. Other than age group class at that place got other group class besides, such as leisure clients, concern clients, independent travellers, bundle tourists. So the travel and touristry must be transporting on harmonizing to deferent types clients. Besides that, the regulation and ordinance besides will impact the travel and touristry industry. The travel that s traveling to transport should be following the all the regulations and ordinances that the authorities stated and the peculiar topographic point stated. So it will neer impact the clients of them. For illustration, if the touristry topographic point stated that can non convey camera or picture indoors means they should state earlier to their client so they may follow the regulations and will non impact the bureau besides. If non the bureau may impact because did non follow the regulations and ordinance. While the clients besides wont regard to the bureau. At the terminal the clients wo nt back up for the peculiar industry. The travel and touristry that traveling to transport on besides should be suited for the season. Because the clients are ever like to go to different finish in a different season. So should transport on the right travel and touristry event at the correct season. If non it will impact alt the industry. The client may non will back up the bureau because they are non giving what they want and they wo nt fulfill with them at all. At last the nutrient and drink besides will impact the industry, even is non a large issue and of import in a travel and touristry industry. The nutrients that they provide to the clients should be good nutrients which is non expired or spoiled. If non the client may acquire choler with their service and will acquire letdown with their service. So if a travel and touristry industry wants to be success agencies, they should see all the component of the travel and touristry. And must fix earlier for everything with full of good service for their client s satisfact ion. Decision hypertext transfer protocol: //t3.gstatic.com/images? q=tbn: ANd9GcSbpXEn1MNc3WlR1eNL_Y7lEYmix5zdVH5pPapH0B3n3gHJT1lhAs the decision, we have learnt about the significance of cordial reception and the phases of cordial reception industry development from traditional to advanced phase and learnt that cordial reception direction means how to provide for people in a friendly and cheerful mode to enable the guest appreciate in services. Besides that, we have learnt about the significance and the importance of housekeeping Department in hotel, motel, guest how we have learn about the interdepartmental co-operations among assorted sections of the hotel and the importance of hotel industry in our society. Furthermore, we besides learnt the significance and types of non-commercial cordial reception direction and the type of organisation that is available. Last we have learnt and understood the significance of the layout in cordial reception industry and the necessary and of import factors to see when program to set up this industry. A A Bibliography Website reference Anon. , 2011. Hospitality industry Profs from the American. [ Online ] Available at: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //lists.nextmark.com/market ; jsessionid=BB3F819354646B9A37718ECCB0E2526C? page=order/online/datacard A ; id=260943 gt ; [ Accessed on 25 February 2011 ] Fareeha. , nd. Disadvantage of hotel industry. [ Online ] Available at: lt ; .http: //www.maybenow.com/disadvantage-of-hotel-industry-q23973921 gt ; [ Accessed on 17 February 2011 ] Johnston, A. , 2010. Definition of cordial reception industry. [ Online ] Available at: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //ezinemark.com/a/definition-of-hospitality-industry/ # ixzz1H2u8jXGa gt ; [ Accessed on 13 March 2011 ] Anon. , nd. The travel and touristry industry. [ Online ] Available at: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.pearsonschoolsandfecolleges.co.uk/FEAndVocational/TravelAndTourism/ALevel/ASGCETravelAndTourism/Samples/Sampleunit/ASTTDoubleEdexcelUnit1.pdf gt ; [ Accessed on 15 March 2011 Shlotta. , 2009. Factors impacting travel and touristry industry. [ Online ] Available at: lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www.antiessays.com/free-essays/39975. hypertext markup language gt ; [ Accessed on 25 February 2011 ] Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-90205887928713537362020-02-21T05:24:00.001-08:002020-02-21T05:24:03.961-08:00Organizational Problem Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2250 words - 1Organizational Problem - Essay Example To do so she must look beyond the surface issues -- resistant to her presence and management style, resentment because she does not have any experience or skills required to work in the department and her new staff is not ready and willing to assist her in understanding the workflow process, policies and procedures of the department. Any change in an organization means there is disruption in the workflow process, communication flow and resistance and shifts in the moral. Bolman & Deal defined said that ââ¬Å"â⬠¦ change disrupts existing roles and working relationships, producing confusion and uncertainty. Structural patterns need to be revised and realigned to support the new directionâ⬠¦causes loss of meaning for people on the receiving end of change.â⬠(2003, p. 339) In a family owned and managed manufacturing organization such as the one in the case, we find that the culture and the organizational structure dictates how and when change will be acknowledged and accepted by all. Therefore the organizational structure is defined as a hybrid -- simple and divisionalized form, in which power and direction of leadership come from the bottom up and it is based on major divisions of labor between members/staff on the line. In this organization management observes at a distance and allows the staff to produce, interact and communicate among themselves. There are specific expectation and roles as well as policies and procedures among the staff and they govern as well as dictate the level(s) of success the organization achieves. According to Bolman & Deal (2003) in organizations ââ¬Å"Structure provides clarity, predictability, and security. Formal roles prescribe duties and outline how work is to be performed. Policies and standard operating procedures synchronize diverse efforts into well-coordinated programs.â⬠(p.324) The firm is more dependent on the knowledge and skill sets of its workers (staff) than on their ability to Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-62612513617048666472020-02-05T05:02:00.001-08:002020-02-05T05:02:03.826-08:00Early years in the uk context Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 wordsEarly years in the uk context - Essay Example The development and learning requirements only apply in England, but the welfare requirements are applicable to the entire United Kingdom schools (Department for Education, 2012). All the childcare providers, nurseries, child-minders, pre-school, and kindergartens are obliged to be registered through the Childcare Act so as to legally operate. To remain registered, they have to comply with the Learning and Development (in England), and Welfare requirements (for the entire U.K) except where exempted (Department for Education, 2013). Learning and development (L&D) are requirements with a legal force given by the 2012 Early Years Foundation Stage (Learning and Development Requirements) amendment order, under Section 39(1)(a) of the 2006 Childcare Act. The Welfare and Safeguarding requirements got their legal force from the 2012 Early Years Foundation Stage (Welfare Requirements) Regulations, under Section 39(1)(b) of the 2006 Childcare Act. The 2006 Childcare Act allows the Secretary of State to give exemptions from the development and learning framework under certain circumstances, under Section 46 (Department for Education, 2012). Early childhood education and care for young emerged in England during the late 18th and early 19th centuries. The first U.K nursery school was established by Robert Owen in 1816 at New Lanark, Scotland for mill workersââ¬â¢ children. ... In the process, he strived to create the future citizen via a process of physical activities and informal teaching. Even though, his ideas were way ahead of time, this example established significant interest in the area of early childhood education. This followed the founding of infant schools across the United Kingdom (Kwon, 2002). The Education Act was passed in 1870, establishing compulsory elementary schooling for any child from 5 years of age. Elementary education was made compulsory for children between 5 and 13years of age in 1880 (The Scottish Government, 2011). In the absence of schools or institutions specialized for the younger children, the elementary ones were made to admit children below the age of five so as to protect them from the unhealthy and poor physical conditions in slums and the dangerous streets (TES Magazine, 2012). Five female inspectors from the Education Board investigated the admission of infants in U.K elementary schools and their instructing curriculu m in 1905. They reported the inappropriateness and recommended that all the children below five years should have separate facilities with a different approach of teaching from the older children (The Scottish Government, 2011). They criticized rote memorization and the monotonous emphasis on repetition in the curriculum for elementary schools. As a result of this report, all children under the age of five were excluded from the elementary schools, officially (Kwon, 2002). By the mid 20th century, the family size had declined with the closure of day nurseries reducing the opportunities for children to interact and play with each other. Playgroups were, therefore, included as a new preschool provision. In 1972, Secretary of State for Education, Margaret Thatcher, presented an education Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-55112173188709186372020-01-28T01:26:00.001-08:002020-01-28T01:26:03.736-08:00Health and Safety in Health and Social Care Case StudyHealth and Safety in Health and Social Care Case Study Health and Safety in Health and Social Care Work place Acknowledgements In to the part of acknowledgement section of this assignment author can say that this paper is a compact study about the activities of health and social care center as well as their operations. In this paper author gave a brief discussion about the matters which are directly engaged to the health and social care service center. Hare author discussed about the various operative methods of the operations of health care center. Every date of this paper was collected from the web based journal, various articles, as well a health care related blogs. Into the second steps legislation parties play their role in health and social care center. In this stage of organizational structure parties of legislation basically makes the rules of the organization. Legislation parties basically deals with the code of conduct of the health and social care center. An organizational requirement means the required constitutions of the health and social care organization. Some basic requirements always are pr esent into the every organization. According to the requirements of the organization various needs and demands arise for the betterments of treatments facility of health and social care services. Care worker are the key parties which parties basically deals with the service providing related jobs. They are the parties in these steps who are responsible for providing the services to the patients. Support authority will be responsible to give better supportive requirements to operate the organizations in a proper manner. The basically responsible every kind of utility support as well as technological based support. The management committees of health and social care center firstly responsible for every kind of supervisor related task which are accomplished by the services worker who deliver the main service. Various legislative parties also play a direct vital role for delivering quality services as well. Effective mode of communication in this regard must be a important factor for th e betterment of quality services. Effective way of communication makes it easier to operate the service center with a specific manner. Proper utilization of utilities duties and responsibilities put the service quality into a good situation. Good quality service always be in the first priority in regards of the health and social service center as well. Contents (Jump to) Title Pagenumbers Introduction 4 Case Study-1 In health and social care organizations: review systems, policies and procedures used in communicating and maintain health and safety at work in accordance to legislative requirements. 5 From this case study 1 above; analyze health and safety priorities that are important to Mr Wââ¬â¢s health and wellbeing. In relation, analyzer the impact of one aspect of health and safety policy on MR.W and health and safety practice 5 Draw your organizational chart using this as a guide; assess the responsibilities in a specific health and social care workplace for management of health and safety in relation to organizational structures 67 Using the case study 1 above, Produce a risk assessment based on your work and analyzer how information from these are used in identifying service-userââ¬â¢s needs and organizational decision-making. 8 Case Study-2 Using the above case study 2, Discuss how you would address this situation (i.e. the dilemma) in line with implementing systems and policies for health and safety issues and evaluate your own contribution to promote Health Safety of service-user. 9 Give examples of non-compliances around Health and Safety Policies in the home and analyse the effect in health and safety workplace. 10 Give examples of two Health and Safety policies, analyzer their effectiveness in promoting positive and healthy practice. Explain how the organizational policies and practices are supervised and reviewed. 10 References 11 Introduction: Health and social care services center always being a challenging sector. This sector must have to be dynamic as because service continuously getting more complex and dynamic as well in this sectors. In to the workplaces of health and social care services center better working environment plays a vital role in terms of delivering better quality services in to a specific manner. Working environment with poor or improper safety and security system always being a clumsy environment. People will always be de-motivated to work in such kind of working environment. As because of poor safety and security system employee and all staff will be more injured will be sicker. Because of this only reason small inconvenient will turn into a huge or big or dangerous consequences. As a result illness, low productivity, de-motivation these kinds of issues will arise into the work places. In this regard we can definitely say that safety legislations will very much indeed into the workplace as well as he alth and social care center. The management committees of health and social care center firstly responsible for every kind of supervisor related task which are accomplished by the services worker who deliver the main service. Various legislative parties also play a direct vital role for delivering quality services as well. Effective mode of communication in this regard must be a important factor for the betterment of quality services. Effective way of communication makes it easier to operate the service center with a specific manner. Proper utilization of utilities duties and responsibilities put the service quality into a good situation. Good quality service always be in the first priority in regards of the health and social service center as well. Case Study1 The review systems of policies and procedures used in communicating and maintain health and safety at work in accordance to legislative requirements in terms of health and social care organization: Health and social care service center always being a challenging organization. We said this challenging as because of it is the places where various patients continuously come for their treatment. Working environment with poor or improper safety and security system always being a clumsy environment. People will always be de-motivated to work in such kind of working environment. As because of poor safety and security system employee and all staff will be more injured will be sicker. Because of this only reason small inconvenient will turn into a huge or big or dangerous consequences. As a result illness, low productivity, de-motivation these kinds of issues will arise into the work places. In this regard we can definitely say that safety legislations will very much indeed into the workplace as well as health and social care center. Implementation of the legislation into the health and social care center knows no bounds. Requirements needed for example proper communication; various ris k assessments, effective responsibilities, proper legislative requirements as well as perfect utilization of technologies. Health and safety priorities that are important to Mr. Wââ¬â¢s health and wellbeing. In relation, analyze the impact of one aspect of health and safety policy on MR.W and health and safety practice. According to the case study one he we can say that from all preferences health and safety priorities would be the more important in this situation of Mr. W. After reading the case study one we know that Mr. W leaves a lonely life. Every object around his leaving places are scattered. According to the wellbeing of Mr. W firstly steps should be taken to clean up the environment around him. We already know that he got a dog which always remains with him. A strategy that means a policy should be taken for the improvement of Mr. W healthier position. Health and social care authority can play important role in this regard. In case study one we can understand that Mr. W is in a poor condition with poor psychiatric illness. And also he leaves into the home with his dog only. In this regard his Psychiatric condition will be in a harmful condition. In this regard friendly and supportive attitude will be more effective. First of all Mr. W have to be understand that health and social care agents came here for the betterment of his health. Draw your organizational- chart using this as a guide-assess the responsibilities in a specific health and social care workplace for management- of health and safety in relation to organizational structures. Organizational Structure is an important part for every organization. A good and appropriate structure will be more effective for the betterment of service. In regards of health and social care service. A good organizational structure always plays a vital role for every organization. According to my own view the organizational chart of a health and social care are as follows Government first of all is always be an important part of health and social care service related center. Basically they are the key factors which always make the supportive conditions. Also Government played a direct role in terms of making the all kinds of key decision. Into the second steps legislation parties play their role in health and social care center. In this stage of organizational structure parties of legislation basically makes the rules of the organization. Legislation parties basically deals with the code of conduct of the health and social care center. An organizational requirement means the required constitutions of the health and social care organization. Some basic requirements always are present into the every organization. According to the requirements of the organization various needs and demands arise for the betterments of treatments facility of health and social care services. Care worker are the key parties which parties basically deals with the service providing related jobs. They are the parties in these steps who are responsible for providing the services to the patients. Support authority will be responsible to give better supportive requirements to operate the organizations in a proper manner. The basically responsible every kind of utility support as well as technological based support. Using the case study 1 above, Produce a risk evaluation based on your work and analyze how information from these are used in identifying service-userââ¬â¢s needs and secretarial administrative. According to the case study one risk evaluation methods and analyze the information based on the health and social care structure are as follows: Organization name: Home Care Center What are the hazards? might be harmed and how? What are you already doing? Do you need to do anything else to manage this risk? Action by whom? Action by when? Complete Where +How Psychiatric related Environmental Supportive legislative Improper evaluation of strategy and supervise Taking action from previous fault. With proper strategy Alternative Strategy of evaluation Legislative and supportive authority 01/10/2014 Supportive parties Nurses utility From the above chart here we try to show the demo of a action might be taken by the health and social care center. Case Study-2 Using the above case study 2, Discuss how you would address this situation in line with implementing systems and policies for health and safety issues and evaluate your own contribution to promote Health Safety of service-user. According to the situation of case study-2 we can understand the Mr. H attacked by severe diseases. He also wants to leave a independent life with a peaceful manner into his home. We already know that he also got a nurse for the treatment of his daily life as well. According to the statement of case study 2 Mr. H love to visit newspaper store in every morning to read his favorite newspaper as well but the matter for fact is mr. H doesnââ¬â¢t have any road awareness. In this situation nurse can play a vital role. As because of he donââ¬â¢t have any road awareness In this regard he need a supportive nurse to supervise or the support during the time of visiting the outside of home. Give examples of non-compliances around Health and Safety Policies in the home and analyze the effect in health and safety workplace. Non compliences issues some times arise in the heath and social care service center. A strategy that means a policy should be taken for the improvement of Mr. W healthier position. Health and social care authority can play important role in this regard. In case study one we can understand that Mr. W is in a poor condition with poor psychiatric illness. And also he leaves into the home with his dog only. In this regard his Psychiatric condition will be in a harmful condition. In this regard friendly and supportive attitude will be more effective. First of all Mr. W have to be understand that health and social care agents came here for the betterment of his health. A strategy that means a policy should be taken for the improvement of Mr. W healthier position. Health and social care authority can play important role in this regard. In case study one we can understand that Mr. W is in a poor condition with poor psychiatric illness. And also he leaves into the home with his dog only. In t his regard his Psychiatric condition will be in a harmful condition. In this regard friendly and supportive attitude will be more effective. First of all Mr. W have to be understand that health and social care agents came here for the betterment of his health. Non-compliance factors engaged directly or indirectly with the health and safety policy of home and residential cares center as well Give examples of two Health and Safety policies, analyze their effectiveness in promoting positive and healthy practice. Explain how the organizational policies and practices are supervised and reviewed. The policy and procedure must have to be more supervised and proper manner according to the health and social care center activities with a specific manner. Health and safety related factors would be more supervised as because of deliver proper treatment of patientââ¬â¢s healthier position Health and social care service center always being a challenging organization. We said this challenging as because of it is the places where various patients continuously come for their treatment. Working environment with poor or improper safety and security system always being a clumsy environment. People will always be de-motivated to work in such kind of working environment. As because of poor safety and security system employee and all staff will be more injured will be sicker. Because of this only reason small inconvenient will turn into a huge or big or dangerous consequences. As a result illness, low productivity, de-motivation these kinds of issues will arise into the work places. In thi s regard we can definitely say that safety legislations will very much indeed into the workplace as well as health and social care center. Implementation of the legislation into the health and social care center knows no bounds. Requirements needed for example proper communication; various risk assessments, effective responsibilities, proper legislative requirements as well as perfect utilization of technologies. References Websites Wikipedia https://barbradozier.wordpress.com Health service .com Books Watterson A (2003) Public Health in Practice; ISBN 0-333-94617-0 Paperback Health Promotion in Multicultural Populations- A Handbook for Practitioners and Students Second Edition Health and Safety Executive (2001) ââ¬â health and Safety in Residential Care Homes (HSE Books) ISBN: 0717620824. Morath JM and Turnbull JE (2004) ââ¬â to do no harm ensuring patients safety in health care organisations (Jossey Bass Wile ) ISBN: 078796770X. Sprenger (2003) ââ¬â Health and Safety Management (Highfield) ISBN: 1871912040. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-6098248774239664472020-01-19T21:48:00.001-08:002020-01-19T21:48:01.823-08:00Autism Essays -- essays research papers Diagnostic Summary Paper AUTISM Autism is a disorder that impairs the development of a person's capacity to interact with, communicate with, and also maintain regular "normal" bonds with the outside world. This disorder was described in 1943 by Leo Kanner, an American psychologist. Autism is considered one of the more common developmental disabilities, and appears before the age of three. It is known to be four or five times more common in males than in females. It most cited statistic is that autism occurs in 4.5 out of 10,000 live births. The estimate of children having autistic qualities is reported to be 15 to 20 out of 10,000. The gender statement noted before is not uncommon, since many developmental disabilities have a greater male to female ratio. Autistic characteristics are different from birth. Two more common characteristics that may be exhibited are the arching of the back while being held, to avoid contact, and also failing to anticipate being picked up (limpness in the body). Infants with autism are described as being either very passive, or very agitated. Sometimes during infancy there will be cases of head rocking, and or banging, against the crib, but this is not always the case. Approximately one-third of children develop normally until the ages of 1 1/2 to 3, and then the symptoms emerge, referred to as "regressive autism." During childhood, there is a commonality of the affected child insisting routine. The reasoning is that the chil... Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-90408644395848953782020-01-11T18:11:00.001-08:002020-01-11T18:11:05.386-08:00Brazil vs. Costa Rica EssayWith the growing global concern for the environment, new products, industries, and sustainable practices have emerged across a number of industries. The industry of tourism on an international and domestic scale is no different. Over the past few decades, the global tourism industry has witnessed an immense increase in travel based on environmentally sound practices, devised to be sustainable . Travellers are becoming increasingly interested in natural environments, cultures, and adventures. For this new market segment activities such as wilderness viewing, wildlife observation and hiking/trekking opportunities have become more popular to a wider base of customers within the tourism and travel industry . This new form of tourism, also known as ecotourism, has also become an integral part of a number of countryââ¬â¢s environmental and economic practices . According to Rual Goueva in his article Managing the Ecotourism Industry in Latin America:Challenges and Opportunities, ecotourism is a specific kind of tourism that ââ¬Å"fosters, promotes, and acts as a catalyst for environmental protection â⬠. It is in his view that ecotourism strategies must pay a great deal of attention to the following: (1) economic development, (2) environmental protection, (3) cultural protection, (4) social development and, (5) political development. As a more sustainable form of tourism, ecotourism offers an alternative and highly effective means for developing and developed economies to blend their economies into the global economy and often ââ¬Å"provides incentives to establish sustainable development strategies â⬠. In summary, ecotourism should concentrate on efforts to maximize the benefits of tourism while minimizing the environmental, economic, political, social, and cultural impacts of tourism. Additionally, policies have to be devised to optimize the allocation of resources from ecoturism revenues to preserve and sustain the resource base. It is, however, important to note the lack of a homogeneous definition of eco-tourism activities within the tourism industry and thus difficult to assess its impacts. Under their functional definition, the World Tourism Organization/OMT concluded in 1998 that ecotourism represents about 2 to 4 percent of total global tourism. However, this percentage is estimated to be much larger as the industry has grown almost exponentially in the past few years and the share of ecotourism broadly defined as tourists that travel to observe and enjoy nature has been expanding steadily during the last decade. Another source with a similar functional definition, the International Ecotourism Society (TIES), estimated that ecotourism is expanding by 20% annually, compared with 7% expansion for the tourism industry as a whole. The specific segment of ecotourism generated around USD 154 billion in revenues for the year 2000 . Continuing, TIES also estimates that between 40%-60% of travel around the world is nature-related and that between 20%-40% of tourists are specifically wildlife related tourists . Furthermore, it should be noted that this segment of tourism can have profound affects on a nationââ¬â¢s economy. It has been noted that ecotourism is primarily led by supply side economics rather than demand. In other words, the quality of the ecotourism experience is positively correlated to the level of environmental protection the local ecosystem enjoys. Ecotourism is therefore classified as a normal good or service. Additionally, it is critical that eco-ventures pay specific attention to the level of environmental disturbance and disruption that ecological and social systems can sustain . As it has been noted, any level of interaction and/or intervention with a local ecosystem may have environmental impacts, which must be minimized in order to preserve the nature being enjoyed via ecotourism . As the effects of tourism within natural and/or preserved areas can hinder or help a specific ecosystem, many policy makers around the world are paying much more attention to the regulation of natural areas. Several countries that are trying to find a compromise between economic development and environmental protection are becoming the leaders in Ecotourism. Countries that are rich in natural resources but that are not yet implementing sustainable development strategies are being encouraged to promote activities such as ecotourism . Ecotourism must be approached as a part of a number of initiatives to protect local ecosystems. At the macro level, a nation pursuing ecotourism should include as many federal, state, and local agencies as possible. It has also been noted that ecotourism must be a part of the country overall economic development and growth as well . This paper was intented to examine the economic, environmental and social aspects of two countries currently participating in the industry of ecotourism, Costa Rica and Brazil. However before an analysis can begin, it is necessary to review the formation of ecotourim in each country and examine how, when, and why ecotourism came about. Costa Rica is known as country with rich and robust biodiversity. However, in the past few decades, it has experienced an increase in amount of deforestation within the country . Like a number of developing countries, such as Brazil, Costa Rica has been steadily loosing its lush forests to agricultural uses. Between 1950 and 1990, it was estimated that the country lost about half of its total forest cover due to agricultural development . Furthermore, b the early to mid 1990s, only about 6 percent of the countryââ¬â¢s land area (not including parks and nationally recognized protected areas) remained in intact primary forest . However, this rapid decline in forest covering has slowed in recent years with the growth of an internationally renowned national park system; which has preserved over 10 percent of the countryââ¬â¢s total primary forests . As of today, Costa Rica has secured land throughout the country for over 25 national parks, reserves, and wildlife refuges for endangered species (as shown in Figure 1. 1, adopted from SOURCE). Along with the governmentââ¬â¢s formal protection of the land, ecotourism has been said to hinder the rate of deforestation as well. Ecotourism in Costa Rica began in the mid-1980s as a way to stop the deforestation and to generate needed foreign exchange for the economy. Tourism in general in Costa Rica has been one of the most dynamic sectors of the economy. In 1992 tourism earnings totaled $421 million, making it the second largest foreign exchange earner after bananas. Moreover, ecotourism has been rapidly expanding as well accounting for 36 percent of net tourism earnings in 1989. In sum, according to Stacy Small, Production Editor of Caribbean Travel and Life Magazine, ââ¬Å"Costa Ricaââ¬â¢s tourism industry has been increasing in size for many years now, and one reason for this upsurge is the appeal of and demand for ecotourismâ⬠. Costa Rica has been promoting and expanding its ecotourism industry. The Environmental Secretariat and the Costa Rican Tourism Institute have become largely responsible for the development and coordination of ecotourism policies in the country . Due to a high level of governmental involvement and the formation of societal institutions such as The Environmental Secretariat, Costa Rica has become the primary example of country in Latin America with a successful ecotourism industry. Their rich ecosystem, accounting for an outstanding 5% of the worldââ¬â¢s biodiversity, offers the country a natural competitive advantage in the industry . Additionally, ecotourism has become the main motivation for tourists within the country. In the early 1980s, an estimated 370,000 tourists traveled to the country of Costa Rica. By 2002, about 1. 1 million tourists arrived in Costa Rica, with the vast majority, 830,000 people, being ecotourists or individuals participating in nature related travel . The ectourism sector of Costa Rica has become quite diverse, from bird watching to volcano climbing and kayaking. To date, Costa Rica has approximately 25% of its territory under governmental protection, 1. million hectares, with 12% of its territory composed of national parks and privately owned reserves . It should also be noted that the private reserves of Costa Rica utilized for ecotourism are the areas that develop and generate the most income. Take for example the Monteverde Biological Preserve, the habitat of the exotic golden toad, has become famous worldwide and is internationally recognized as one of the best areas of ecotourism in Latin America. Over the last two decades, the Monteverde reserve has earned more income than all other national parks combined with its main source of financing coming from admission fees and grants . Rara Avis is another private reserve that has turned to ecotourism. Rara Avis was opened in 1983, and contains 3,000 acres of primary and secondary forest. It borders on the Braulio Cariilo National Park and the Zona Protetora La Selva, a research station. Private banks financed Rara Avis, and it was the first of its kind in the country. Rara Avis has shown that ecotourism can become a profitable way to manage tropical forest resources. However, in more recent years, Costa Rica has witnessed detrimental side effects of overcrowding in its forest reserves as a result of increased ecotourism. Take for instance the increasingly popular Manuel Antonio Park. Heavy interest in this area has led developers to overbuild, which has threatened the diverse monkey population and other wildlife in the park. On the other hand, ecotourism has been a successful strategy for Cost Rica. Due to its consistency in approach, Costa Rica has successfully promoted an environmentally sound ecotourism industry over the past few decades. Additionally, ecotourism has had an inclusive macroeconomic strategy that benefits local communities, generates jobs as well as revenues, and has inspired further research in the areas of ecology and biodiversity. As a whole, Costa Rica offers a panoramic and pristine view of exactly how ecotourism can benefit a soceity, local communities, and the environment. Beginning of ecotourism in Brazil Ecotourism was first introduced in Brazil, on the governamental level, in 1985, when the Brazilian Institute of Tourism (Embratur) started its Ecological Tourism project. The first intention to put things in order was made in 1987 by creating the National Technical Commission, consisting of experts from both the Brazilian Institute for the Enviroment and Renovable Natural Resources (Ibama) and Embratur. The main goal of the commission was to monitor the Ecological Tourism project, as a reaction on ecotourism observed at that time, which was little organized and not at all sustainable. Although, the efforts made by govermnent were not sufficient to end with barriers between theory and practice of ecotourism. The principal problem was the lack of a unified concept of a segment, i. e. no existing criteria, regulation and incentives that would direct firms and investors and the government itself to promote and use effectively the natural assets of a country, and to protect them at the same time. As a consequence, the ecotourism in Brazil used to be an activity without any mark of order and very confused, where the main objective was to generate a profit, totally ignoring its other aspects, like socioeconomic and environmental benefits for the country. The brazilian ecotourism in the late 80s and early 90s was more likely the regular tourism which used the ecologic aspect just to sell better. Environmental experts referred to it as an ââ¬Å"eco-opportunismââ¬Å". Creating legal framework for ecotourism In 1994, a workgroup of experts of all ministries involved (Ministry of Environment, Imdustry, Commerce and Tourism) met in Goias Velho, Goias, to create a document ââ¬Å"Directives for National Ecotourism Policyââ¬Å". With this document, they set a legal framework for ecotourism in Brazil, which was defined: Ecotourism is a segment of tourism activity which uses, in a sustainable way, natural and cultural assets, incentives their conservation and looks for a creation of an ervironmental consciousness throught the interpretation of an environment and promoting the welfare of communities involved at the same time. This definition and all the other directives were created with favourable to a profitable tourism connected to environmental and cultural peculiarities of Brazil. The effort was made to assure growth of this particular branch of tourism all over Brazil, with the following criteria what ecotourism should do: -Provide better life conditions for communities in the areas of ecotourism. -Promote valuation of the environment -Create wealth and promote employment To make an opportunity to learn about natural and cultural assets in order to promote knowledge of new generations. Another important decision was made at the meeting ââ¬â the government should start to cooperate with various NGOs and, together, educate prospective employers in the sector of ecotourism. The opinions of NGOs were often accepted by government in the process of building adequate infrastructure to promote sustainable growth of ecotourism in Brazil. Setting the principles Last but not least, the main concerns regarding ecotourism in Brazil were defined and published as a list of actions recommended to promote the sector in the whole country. : 1. Regulation of ecotourism ââ¬â The necessity of its own legal framework, harmonized with both state and federal laws. 2. Institutional Interaction ââ¬â Intensification of exchanging information and experience between governamental institutions and private sector. 3. Human Resources Creation ââ¬â Education and training of personnel to work in an area of ecotourism. 4. Quality control ââ¬â Creation of tools for observation, evaluation and improvement of ecotourism including both public and private sector. 5. Distribution of information ââ¬â Creation of a database with the access for all national and various international institutions involved, including indicators monitoring the evolution of ecotourism. 6. Incentives to develop ecotourism ââ¬â Promotion and stimulation of economic activity in the sector together with infrastructure in order to provide high quality services, especially in priority ecotourism destinations. . Information for tourists ââ¬â providing the tourists knowledge about the destination they visit to make them respect the local environment. 8. Participation of communities ââ¬â Make people living in major ecotourism destinations participate in the sector and modify their lifestyle to increase sustainability of the area. With the help of mentioned governamental regulation and cooperation between state instituti ons and many NGOs, the ecotourism grew by 15 % a year until 2000, while the tourism as a whole only grew 3 % anually. There were created ecotourism destinations in all brazilian states and the rigorous control has contributed to a sustainability of the sector and to protection of natural assets of Brazil. Costa Rica ââ¬â Present part The tourism boom in Costa Rica began in 1987 (Crist Inman, 1997) with the number of visitors up from 329,000 in 1988, through 1 million in 1999, to 1. 9 million foreign visitors in 2007, allowing the country to earn US $1. 9 billion in that year (World Tourism Barometer, 2008). By 2002, about 1. 1 million tourists arrived in Costa Rica, with about 830,000 of them being ecotourists (Saenz, 2001). Thus, tourism in Costa Rica has since 1999 been one of Costa Ricaââ¬â¢s most important industries exemplified by the fact that it earns more foreign exchange than traditional commodities such as pineapples, banana and coffee combined (Departamento de Estadisticas ICT (2006) (need statistics on that ). In 2001, ecotourism accounted for an annual growth rate of 20-30 percent (Dasenbruck, 2001). Today, being the nationââ¬â¢s principal industry, ecotourism contributes an estimated US $825mn to the economy annually as well as a 19 % increase in the number of tourists visiting in 2005 (ââ¬Å"Ecotourism can be good business! , 2006). Economic impact The Travel ; Tourism industry in Costa Rica encompasses transport, accommodation, catering, recreation and services for visitors. Below are presented some macroeconomic indicators in relation to the industry. GDP The Travel ;Tourism industry is expected to contribute directly 5. 3% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2008 (CRC778. 8 bn or US$1,466. 2 mn), rising in nominal terms to CRC2,005. 5 bn or US$2,639. 2 mn (5. 8% of total) by 2018. Additionally, according to WTTC the real growth of T;T in Costa Rica is forecasted to see a real rise of 1,2 % (US$ 3,769) in the economy GDP in 2008. Moreover, real GDP growth is expected to grow at an average of 4,7 % per annum over the coming 10 years. Employment The T;T economy contribution to employment is expected to rise from 258. 000 jobs in 2008, which represents 13,1 % of total employment, or 1 in every 7. 6 jobs to 359. 000 representing 14,4 % of total employment or 1 in every 6. 9 jobs by 2018 (WTTC, 2008). Visitor exports Export earnings from international and visitors are expected to generate 17,1 % of total exports (US $ 2,270,8 mn) in 2008 growing, in nominal terms, to 16,8 % (US$ 4,369,3 mn) of total exports in 2018 (WTTC, 2008). Investment Travel ; Tourism Capital Investment is estimated at CRC515. 0 bn, US$969. 5 mn or 15. 1 % of total investment in year 2008. By 2018, this should reach CRC1,225. 1 bn, US$1,612. 2 mn or 15. 6 % of total (WTTC, 2008). Foreign investment has had a major role to play in the development of the Costa Rican ecotourism industry. It was both politically and financially supported by the IMF, The World Bank and USAID. For instance, in 2001 the World Bank approved a US $40 mn loan of which most of it focused on ecotourism (Dasenbruck, 2001). Given that Costa Rica has a solid credit rating with international lenders along with international support from the abovementioned institutions gives the country a degree of financial stability in handling substantial costs in the development of the ecotourism industry. Government Government Travel ; Tourism operating expenditures in Costa Rica in 2008 are expected to total CRC122. 9 bn (US$231. 3 mn), or 6. 2% of total government spending. In 2018, this spending is forecast to total CRC396. 1 bn (US$521. 3 mn), or a 6. 4% share (WTTC, 2008). Iââ¬â¢ll add more here about government institutions and initiatives, laws, regulationsâ⬠¦. Ecotourism and the environment Behind ecotourism lies the idea of preserving a nationââ¬â¢s natural resources while profiting from them (Dasenbruck, 2001). Similarly to Brazil, ecotourism is overall considered to be beneficial to the environment compared to conventional forms of tourism e. g. mass tourism, exemplified by Cancun in Mexico with 4,000 room hotel resorts. One of the reasons that ecotourism in Costa Rica enjoys such high importance economically is because there exists a strong environmental lobby based in the ââ¬Å"green industryâ⬠(Dasenbruck, 2001. This lobby recognizes the long-term benefits of aintaining an environmentally friendly image and therefore it supports most of the governmentââ¬â¢s conservation initiatives. Some, however, argue that ecotourism is an oxymoron, since travel at its base is detrimental to the environment. Airplane fossil fuels and the pollution coming from jet airplanes are used as examples of evidence, that international travel and environmental protection are mutually exclusive by nature (Dasenbruck, 2002). Ecotourism in Brazil Current Growth Brazilian ecotourism began to grow exponentially after the country woke up to its eco-potential during the 1992 Earth Summit in Rio de Janeiro. Still, ecotourism in Brazil continues to grow at a rapid pace. While the tourism industry overall grows at a rate of 3% annually, ecotourism is up by 15%. Other areas such as the city of Bonito are experiencing bigger growths of 20-30%. (Planeta) Furthermore, it is estimated that by the year 2010, ecotourism could make up as much as 50% of the travel industry according to Dorival Bruni, president of the non-profit Biosphere society. Considering that one of the largest ecotourism destinations in the world is the Amazon, this estimate is considerably probable. It is estimated by the World Tourism Organization that ecotourism may represent 2-4% of the worldââ¬â¢s tourism. In 2000, ecotourism accounted for 10% of Brazilian tourism revenues (Bioesfera, 2001). The next three economic markers show Brazilââ¬â¢s travel and tourism industryââ¬â¢s contribution toward total GDP, employment, and exports. GDP The World Travel & Tourism Council (WTTC) research findings reported that the Travel & Tourism industry is expected to contribute directly 2. 5% to Gross Domestic Product (GDP) in 2008 BRL 70. 6 or US$36. 1bn), rising in nominal terms to BRL157. bn or US$53. 2bn(2. 6% of total) by 2018 (WTTC). Employment Brazilââ¬â¢s Travel & Tourism Economy employment is estimated at 5,500,000 jobs in 2008, 5. 9% of total employment, or 1 in every 16. 9 jobs. By 2018, this should total 7,634,000 jobs, 6. 6% of total employment, or 1 in every 15. 2 jobs (WTTC). Exports Export earnings from international visitors and tourism goods are expected to gener ate 5. 9% of total exports (BRL22. 5 bn or US$11. 5 bn) in 2008, growing (nominal terms) to BRL65. 4 bn or US$22. 1 bn (5. 4% of total) in 2018 (WTTC). Ecotourism and the environment One of the core benefits of ecotourism is the sustainability of the environment thus; ecotourism is an economically productive way to protect Brazilââ¬â¢s natural wonders. Consequently, Brazilââ¬â¢s continued growth of ecotourism is also generating a positive social impact. Local skilled and semi-skilled populations are benefiting the most from this current growth. According to Joao Mireilles Filho, president of the Peabiru Ecotourism Institute and of the Brazilian Ecotourism Institute (IEB), one of the most visited regions in Brazil for ecotourism is the Pantanal region, which is a vast series of wetlands in the upper Paraguay River Basin. The capital of this region, a town called Bonito is the main launching spot for ecotourists. Socially, Bonito accounts for about 2,000 jobs in the sector out of a population of less than 20,000 people. (Planeta) Investments As ecotourism continues to grow, it will provide investment opportunities for private and foreign investors who see the value in this industry. One region of such potential is The Ribeira de Iguape River, one of the most important rivers in the Brazilian southeastern state of Sao Paulo. The Ribeira de Iguape Valley is known for its complex geology and natural riches with a number of limestone caves and important mineral resources. Currently it is still characterized by poverty and underdevelopment however; ecotourism in the region has now a US$ 15 million financing ââ¬â US$ 9 million from the IDB (Inter-American Development Bank) and US$ 6 million from the government of Sao Paulo for improvement in infra-structure, training and organization. The Monetary International Fund (MIF) provided a $1. 7 million grant to improve the quality and competitiveness of small to medium sized enterprises in the tourist sector. By the year 2010, more than 5,000 firms are in the tourist sector are expected to pursue certification. It is estimated that ecotourism will receive a considerable amount of this grant. (IDB) In February 2006, the IDB approved a loan of $9 million toward improvements in infrastructure, including highways and productive systems in the Atlantic Forest region of the state of Sao Paolo. This project will benefit six parks which will benefit by retaining their visitors and acquiring financial sustainability while protecting their natural wonders. Opportunities One of the biggest areas of opportunity for Brazil is the Amazon region. This region is home to some 20 million people and is known for the biological diversity of its ecosystem and the great diversity of flora and fauna. It has the potential to become one of the largest ecotourism attractions in the world. As a matter of fact, it is 98 times larger than Costa Rica. Unfortunately in 2000 it only earned US400 million in exports which is less than half of Costa Ricaââ¬â¢s total revenues during that time. This equates to a meager . 05% of the worldââ¬â¢s ecotourism revenues in 2000. One of the biggest challenges facing this region is the lack of infrastructure such as energy power, communication, and transportation. The government taken some steps to ameliorate the situation by launching PROECOTUR (The Program of Development of Eco-Tourism in the Amazon) with the help of the IDB to develop and improve the infrastructure of selected areas in the region. It includes surveying best practices for ecotourism, financing ecotourism projects, developing tourist infrastructure, and assisting investors with technological and financial aid (SCA). Since deforestation has already affected large areas of the Amazon, Proecotur should bring more visitors to the region as well as sustainable revenue. Another project launched was the Poles project by the tourist and travel agency Embrateur in conjunction with the Ecotourism institute in an effort to establish guidelines for the development of ecotourism poles around the country. Brazil vs. Costa Rica Ecotourism in Brazil is still underdeveloped especially in the Amazon region which has tremendous upward potential in terms of providing a greater source of income on both a local and a national level for the Brazilian economy. In exploring various economic, political, and social factors that influence the ability of these countries to expand their ecotourism market, Costa seems to have the better position. In terms of GDP contribution relative to each countryââ¬â¢s national economy, Costa Rica 13. 5% doubles Brazilââ¬â¢s 6. 2% indicating that there is significant room for growth for Brazil due to its tremendous size. Consequently, Costa Ricaââ¬â¢s employment as well as exports are also incrementally higher at 13. 1% vs. 5. 9% and 17. 1% and 5. 9% respectively. On the other hand, Brazil has a much higher potential in terms of growth largely due to its untapped Amazon region. In terms of Real Growth, Brazilââ¬â¢s future looks bright. In 2008, Brazil is forecast to see Real Growth of 6. 7% in terms of Direct Industry GDP. Nominally, this represents an increase of US$36bn. With regards to Direct Industry Employment, an increase of 6. 4% is expected which means an additional 2,279,000 jobs will be generated. In contrast, Costa Rica is expected to see a Real Growth of -1. 5% in terms of Direct Industry GDP (in nominal terms US$1,466,000mn) and -3. 9% decrease in Direct Industry Employment. Brazil will be able to handle such growth but will need to have a collaborative effort nationally if they want to sustain their current growth. The government certainly plays an important role in the development of ecotourism in Brazil. They must provide the overall policy environment to permit development to proceed along an orderly path, and should welcome the involvement of other sectors. Furthermore, there is a need to teach policy makers the importance of ecotourism as a viable financial profit sanctuary so that policies reflect social and environmental concerns as well as market realities. Next, effective certification programs should be implemented to ensure adequate information of products and services is given to the public. Educating consumers and raising awareness on the importance to protect the national environment should stimulate demand for socially and environmentally friendly products that ecotourism provides. Lastly, significant improvement of Brazilââ¬â¢s logistic resources such as roads, electric power and infrastructure in the Amazon region will be quintessential for the sustainability of Brazilââ¬â¢s ecotourism industry. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-29350025872278285412020-01-03T14:35:00.001-08:002020-01-03T14:35:03.013-08:00Essay about The Good, the Bad and Ugly of Animal... Student Name Exploratory Paper Professor English 26 March 2012 The Good, the Bad, and the Ugly of Animal Experimentation Animal experimentation plays an important role in todayââ¬â¢s medical and pharmaceutical advances, but many question the morality of such a use of animal life. Whether one argues that testing different products and drugs on animals is necessary or not, this has become an integral part of developing products. From that Tylenol we pop to get rid of our headache to that perfect shade of pink lip gloss, animal testing is used in order to produce the simplest household items. Today, in the United States, it is federal law that requires all pharmaceuticals, food additives, cosmetics, and garden chemicals to undergo aâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦According to George and Wagner, ââ¬Å"â⬠¦would it be better instead to subject all species, present and future, with the suffering and death caused by diseases that may go untreated because vital medical research is cut off?â⬠Their point is that animal testing is a crucial part of medical advancements and without it we would not just hurt animals, but all species as well as humans in general. People who are against animal testing perceive this as an avoidable form of research. The anti-animal testing advocates tend to take on the argument of the ethical boundaries that animal experimentation is crossing, and they believe that the actions caused by experimentation are cruel and unnecessary. However, there are numerous non-emotional stands against this issue as well like the differences in a humans anatomy compared to a rat or guinea pig, or any other species. An example of this took place during the research of lung cancer; the differences that were present prevented scientists from further understanding the disease better. Anti-animal testing activists would argue that there are other means of research like computer modeling of in-vitro cells. This is where cultures of human or animal cells are tested instead of a whole animal. While The Animal Welfare Act does enforce rules of how animals should be taken care of properly, this does not apply to mice and rats, whichShow MoreRelatedThe Theory Of Management And Management2177 Words à |à 9 Pagesclassical perspective on scientific management. Proper names of Taylor s approach initially included store management and process management. When Louis Brandeis popularized the term scientific management in 1910, Taylor recognized as another good name for the concept and has adopted in his monograph in 1911. The field includes the work of Taylor; his disciples (as Henry Gantt); other engineers and managers (such as Benjamin Graham S.); and other theorists such as Max Weber. It is comparedRead MoreHumanities11870 Words à |à 48 Pagestell what is good art? Many people think art is subjective. The answer is: yes, it is. At the same time, however, there are still yardsticks we can use to measure the quality of the art, especially among works that belong to the same genre. To understand how this works, let us use a simple analogy. If you come from a foreign land and have never eaten char kway teow (fried flat rice noodles), the first time you try the dish, you may not be able to tell whether it is good or bad. But afterRead MoreAmerican Slang Essay 115481 Words à |à 62 Pagespart of youth culture. As a result, American slang and related resources have become a global code for youth worldwide embedded in a local code ââ¬â the national language. ââ¬Å"American,â⬠writes H. L. Mencken,â⬠shows its character in a constant experimentation, a wide hospitality to novelty, a steady reaching out for new and vivid forms. No other tongue of modern tunes admits foreign words and phrases more readily; none is more careless of precedents; none shows a greater fecundity and originality ofRead MoreAdvanced Professional Development21653 Words à |à 87 Pages2 103 Advanced Professional Development Introduction This Level 7 Diploma in Management Studies Unit is based around your own work. The first management skill is the ability to manage yourself. This means recognising what you are good at, as well as your weaknesses. By taking an objective and systematic approach to developing your own management skills, you can then manage other people and work systems in a professional manner. The Study Pack is comprised mainly of models forRead MoreHistory of Social Work18530 Words à |à 75 Pagesdetailed investigations. Volunteers recruited to befriend applicants, make individual assessments and correct their problems. ï⠷ Thomas Malthus, British East India Company economist, documents population numbers multiplying faster than production of goods to meet their needs. Coincides with Darwinââ¬Å¸s theory of evolution based on natural selection. Applied to human condition by Herbert Spencerââ¬Å¸s declaration that poverty was part of natural selection; helping the poor would only perpetuate unfit lazinessRead Morepreschool Essay46149 Words à |à 185 Pagesto attain the competencies varies from child to child. Many children learn simply by participating in high-quality preschool programs. Such programs offer children environments and experiences that encourage active playful exploration and experimentation. With play as an integral part of the curriculum, high-quality programs include purposeful teaching to help children gain knowledge and skills. With regard to the visual and performing arts, physical development, and health foundations inRead MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words à |à 1351 Pages3.12 Learning objectives Introduction The clarification of cost categories Marketing cost analysis: aims and methods An illustration of segmental analysis An alternative approach to segmental analysis Customer profitability analysis Marketing experimentation The nature of productivity The use of ratios Analysing ratios and trends Ratios and interfirm comparison vi CONTENTS 3.13 3.14 A strategic approach Summary 112 116 117 119 119 120 128 136 139 149 153 159 165 167 169 169 170 174Read MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words à |à 1186 Pagesexponential rate. It is nearly impossible to imagine a future management career that does not include management of projects. Rà ©sumà ©s of managers will soon be primarily a description of the individualââ¬â¢s participation in and contributions to projects. Good luck on your journey through the text and on your future projects. xi Brief Contents Preface vii 2 1. Modern Project Management 13. Progress and Performance Measurement and Evaluation 14. Project Closure 16. Oversight 564 504 532 15. InternationalRead MoreLibrary Management204752 Words à |à 820 Pagesthink about your fellow employees and your perception of their competence and of their attitudes toward their work, the organization, and you. Finally, reflect upon the organization itself and its policies, procedures, and practices. What were the good things about this job? What were its negative features? How much did the managers, both your immediate supervisor and those at a higher level, contribute to what you liked or disliked about the job? What did you learn about management from this jobRead MoreMetz Film Language a Semiotics of the Cinema PDF100902 Words à |à 316 Pagessubject, and there are more ways than one to enter it. Taken as a whole, it is first of all a fact, and as such it raises problems of aesthetics, of sociology, and of semiotics, as well as of the psychologies of perception and intellection. Whether good or bad, each film is, first of all, a piece of cinema (in the way that one speaks of a piece of music). As an anthropological fact, the cinema has a certain configuration, certain fixed structures and figures, which deserve to be studied directly. In its Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-24302553339100760792019-12-26T11:02:00.001-08:002019-12-26T11:02:03.722-08:00Philippine National Heroes Of The Philippines - 1583 Words Philippine National Heroes Most, if not all countries have people that engineered their formation as a nation or free their territory from foreign occupants. Sometimes, there is a person that stands out among all heroes that is respected and acknowledged by the majority of the population in a certain society. As a national hero he or she is called to the state in which the person give his or her all to the point of dying in order to obtain the cherish freedom that eludes them. In the Philippines, there are two people in its history that stands out among the rest as the champions of freedom, Andres Bonifacio and Jose Rizal. Bonifacio and Rizal still divides the Filipinos today of who really is the national hero of the Philippines. The different opinions about these two heroes didnââ¬â¢t cause social unrest of course, but it is still an issue that lingers in the minds of the Filipinos. Therefore, the purpose of this essay is to evaluate who is among the two, Bonifacio or Rizal, is worthy of to be called the P hilippines national hero by discussing their similarities and differences. No two people are exactly the same. Even twins who have the same genetic make-up have differences in their personality and physical attributes. Andres Bonifacio was born poor and was orphaned early in life. Hence, he has to stop schooling in order to earn a living. He self-educate himself by reading the works of Victor Hugo, Jose Rizal, Eugene Sue, books about the French Revolution and the biographiesShow MoreRelatedPhilippine National Heroes Of The Philippines1589 Words à |à 7 PagesPhilippine National Heroes Most, if not all countries have people that engineered their formation as a nation or free their territory from foreign occupants. Sometimes, there is a person that stands out among all heroes that is respected and acknowledged by the majority of the population in a certain society. As a national hero he or she is called to the state in which the person give his or her all to the point of dying in order to obtain the cherish freedom that eludes them. In the PhilippinesRead MoreA Survey Of Theories Of International Migration1544 Words à |à 7 PagesThis literature review starts with a survey of theories of international migration, the emergence of Filipino Labour Diaspora, focusing on the role of the Philippine state. Consequently, it examines the role of Canadian state in attracting FLCMs to work as domestic workers in Canada. Lastly, it examines the role of the market in perpetuating gender role and victimization in labor diaspora. 1. Theories of International Migration Theories of international migration studies often neglect the roleRead MorePhilippine Nationalism1449 Words à |à 6 PagesNationalism is a multidimensional social construction reflected in the communal identification with ones nation. Nationalism is further oriented towards developing and maintaining a national identity based on shared characteristics such as culture, language, race, religion, political goals or a belief in a common ancestry. Nationalism therefore seeks to preserve the nations culture. It often also involves a sense of pride in the nations achievements, and is closely linked to the concept of patriotismRead MoreIntercultural Interaction : My Family Friend Tiffany Ramseur From The Philippines978 Words à |à 4 Pagesinteractive essay is about my family friend Tiffany Ramseur from the Philippines. The Philippines is a Southeastern Country in the Western Pacific comprising more than 7,000 islands. Its capital, Manila, is famous for its waterfront promenade and centu ries-old Chinatown, Binondo. Intramuros, a walled city in colonial times, is the heart of Old Manila. The Philippines population is 100,998,376. The Politics of the Philippines take place in an organized framework of a presidential, representativeRead MoreCharacteristics of a National Hero4693 Words à |à 19 PagesProclamation of National Heroes and Laws Honoring Filipino Historical Figures | Executive Summary No law, executive order or proclamation has been enacted or issued officially proclaiming any Filipino historical figure as a national hero. However, because of their significant roles in the process of nation building and contributions to history, there were laws enacted and proclamations issued honoring these heroes. Even Jose Rizal, considered as the greatest among the Filipino heroes, was not explicitlyRead MoreA Movie Review on El Presidente1626 Words à |à 7 PagesFilms | | Scenema Concept International | E. Own Synopsis The story is told in flashbacks as Emilio Aguinaldo thanks the US government for giving him the opportunity to attend the full restoration of Philippine independence on July 4, 1946. The film begins with his capture by Philippine and US forces under Frederick Funstons command in 1901, then flashes back to 1886, when an old woman gives Aguinaldo and childhood friend Candido Tirona cryptic prophecies. Ten years later, Aguinaldo is inductedRead MoreBuwan Ng Wika1951 Words à |à 8 PagesNATIONAL HEROES DAY Eidul Fitr is an important celebration for Filipino Muslims, marking the end of the month-long fast during Ramadan and marks the beginning of the month Shawwal. Also known as ââ¬Å"Eid-al-Fitrâ⬠, ââ¬Å"Wakas ng Ramadanâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Pagtatapos ng Pag-aayunoâ⬠, it is a national public holiday for all in the Philippines. Originated by the Islamic Prophet Muhammad, Eidul Fitr is a cause for celebration and thanks giving to Allah. Eidul Fitr has been proclaimed a national holiday in the Philippines sinceRead MoreRoots of the Filipino Character852 Words à |à 4 Pagesorder discipline. Example: Palusot syndrome, nakaisa, nakalamang, nakadaya 3.Lack of National Consciousness ââ¬â This weakness is observed in the systematic miseducation of Filipinos. 4.Colonial Mentality ââ¬â The Filipinos suffer from national amnesia and colonial mentality. Example: 1.lack of patriotism and national integration 2.the strong preference for imported goods, and foreign ideas and ways. 5.PassivityRead MoreThe Philippine Administrative System1709 Words à |à 7 PagesThe Philippine Administrative System When talking about Philippine Administrative System, first thing that comes to mind is about the government and its political divisions in the country. It is about the nationsââ¬â¢s political hierarchy such as the central government, provinces, municipalities and barangay. However, these divisions and subdivisions can be attributed to our past history. It is not a plant that simply blooms from nowhere. The Philippine Administrative System is dynamic, shaped and evolvedRead MoreAll About Dr. Jose Rizal4524 Words à |à 19 PagesNational hero Introduction: Rizal has always been considered as a national hero created in part by the American government in the past. The present government has no formal declaration of who our national hero is, but they do recognized special days in commemoration of the heroes in history like Rizal and Bonifacio. Let us examine the government effort in recognizing the possible national heroes of history in order to serve as an example for us. What is heroism? What does it take to be a hero Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-49187466667116367582019-12-18T06:51:00.001-08:002019-12-18T06:51:03.071-08:00A Compromise Is Defined As An Agreement Or Settlement Of A... A compromise is defined as an agreement or settlement of a dispute reached by two or more parties making concessions. The first amendment case law we reviewed in class seems to reflect a great deal of compromise, but not in a positive manner. It was troubling, paradoxical and even cruel. The rulings appeared to disregard ideals of human decency and yet, conversely, are said to set up a positive framework for future minority groups. In Hurley, LGBTQ discrimination is condoned under the guise of speaker autonomy. In Dale, LGBTQ exclusion is justified under expressive association. Both example the dangers of coming to a parley over human rights issues with a traditionalist, polarized group. That is to say, in making the weaker, singled outâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Another counter argument may be Miltonââ¬â¢s theory of the marketplace of ideas. That is to say ââ¬Å"goodâ⬠ideas usually dominate ââ¬Å"badâ⬠ones over time. This would support first amendment cases in th e sense that content should not be censored. Yet, it seems that this attitude leads to a social air of accepting LGBTQ discrimination under a theoretical guise without taking notice of the effects on the individual. Thus, I think there needs to be some aspect of an omniscient perspective that examines wether a decision further subjugates a historically battered group. Starting off with Hurley, first amendment protections were applied because parades were ââ¬Å"public dramas of social relationsâ⬠and could ââ¬Å"carry subjects of communication and considerationâ⬠. I agree with this statement but find it vexing that the definition of expression has become so stretched that it overwhelms the issue at hand in order to suit the defendantââ¬â¢s claim. I see it as nothing more than a clever way to grant more basis and protections by making it an issue of free speech and therefore, of speaker autonomy. That is to say, negating an overarching perspective on impact, the courtâ â¬â¢s compliance with the exclusion of minority groups to follow a ââ¬Å"central coherencyâ⬠really seems to contradict previous cases like United States v. Virginia. It is merely because Virginia is an issue of sex based equal protection and the other two are first amendment rights issues that the resultShow MoreRelatedMediation Is A Type Of Alternative Dispute Resolution1365 Words à |à 6 PagesMediation is a type of alternative dispute resolution that gives the two disputing parties a third party to help them discuss and revise their points of conflict. The mediator acknowledges the points of which the parties are in agreement upon and builds upon those to create a solution between the two parties. Similarly, arbitration includes a third party that listens to the two disputing parties. However, in arbitration the arbitrator or the third party gives a final decision. In most cases,Read MoreDiscuss the Processes Available in Alternative Dispute Resolution1469 Words à |à 6 Pagesavailable in alternative dispute resolution and explain its advantages and disadvantages Alternative Dispute Resolution Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) includes methods of processes and techniques that are used to resolve disputes or disagreements outside the jurisdiction of the law. As explained by Paul Latimer (p 51 of the Australian Business Law CCH Handbook 2006) The Alternative Dispute Resolution Association of Australia has defined ADR as meaning à ¡Ã §dispute resolution by processes: Read MoreDifference Between Distributive And Mediation1526 Words à |à 7 Pagesduring the negotiation (Han, Kwon, Bae Park, 2012). The aim of this paper is to indicate the meaning of distributive bargaining and mediation with several key features of each strategy. The main differences between distributive and mediation in dispute resolution will elaborate further in this paper. Further, advantages and disadvantages of both strategies will also listed below attached with examples of implying each approach that will use in different situations. Findings and argument explainedRead MoreStages and Strategies o f Collective Bargaining1499 Words à |à 6 Pagesorganizations, with a view to the regulation of terms and conditions of employment by collective agreements. Collective bargaining could also be defined as negotiations relating to terms of employment and conditions of work between an employer, a group of employers or an employers organization on the one hand, and representative workers organizations on the other, with a view to reaching agreement. There are several essential features of collective bargaining, all of which cannot be reflectedRead MoreEssay about The Negotiation Process1911 Words à |à 8 Pages When parties cannot reach an agreement or the power between parties is imbalance, mediators will be demonstrated the significant impact on solving problems and encourage negotiators to achieve consensus. This essay will expound four different types of mediator, which include settlement mediator, facilitative mediator, therapeutic mediator and evaluative mediator. Areas of practice for different styles of mediator also will be stated. Moreover, what kinds of dispute will be solved by different typesRead MoreDeepa V Goodman Law. In The Case Of Deepa V Goodman Law1001 Words à |à 5 Pagesto the making of a voluntary agreement between the parties merely because litigation is on foot at the time the agreement is made. The appellant, Deepa, was given false advice about evidence she must submit including evidence regarding an affair she had with a nurse at big public hospital 12 years ago. Due to this, Deepa requested to settle on whatever grounds her lawyer could get with big public hospital, the big public hospital was not willing to make a settlement offer. Deepa then discontinuedRead MoreADR Learning Team Charter1157 Words à |à 5 Pagesright route to take? That is the real question. Alternative Dispute Resolutions (ADR) is any method of resolving disputes other than by litigation. Public courts may be asked to review the validity of ADR methods, butà they will rarely overturn ADR decisions and awardsà if the disputing parties formed a valid contract to abide by them. The two major forms of ADR are arbitration and mediation; but we can also mention others such as settlement conferences, neutral evaluation. Throughout our work we willRead MoreA Research On Alternative Dispute Resolution1691 Words à |à 7 PagesAPPENDIX 1: A RESEARCH ON: alternative dispute resolution:a new trend in civil disputes resolution BY: ADETUNMBI WURAOLA FIWASEWA Being a research project to be submitted to the law department of Bridge House College In partial fufilment of the requirements for the award of certification in the University Foundation Programme CERTIFICATION This is to certify that this project work was written by Wuraola Adetunmbi Fiwasewa under the supervision of Barrister Boye GbajulayeRead MoreQuestion 1 . In The Case Of In Kendirjian V Lepore [2017]1329 Words à |à 6 Pagescontents of a settlement offer to the client who then decides to continue the proceedings without any instructions from the client? The second legal issue was, did the Court of Appeal misapply the principle of advocate s immunity as identified in D Orta- Ekenaike when it found that the sheer commencement or continuation of proceedings fell within that principle? Question 2 Edelman Jââ¬â¢s reasoning was that immunity from suit did not extend to negligent advice which leads to a compromise of litigationRead MoreDispute Resolution : A Conflict Diagnosis Approach1690 Words à |à 7 PagesDispute Resolutions Many people go to litigation for resolving disputes without knowing the alternatives that may possibly be more beneficial to them. The textbook, ââ¬Å"Alternative Dispute Resolution: A Conflict Diagnosis Approachâ⬠is a great book that defines and explains the different types of dispute resolutions that can be used to settle a conflict. Some of the dispute resolutions discussed in the book are suitable for specific disputes. And the different type of dispute resolutions has different Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-4907425066875971362019-12-10T03:33:00.001-08:002019-12-10T03:33:03.657-08:00Impulsive Behavior free essay sample Three American Writers specifically stood out amongst others: Benjamin Franklin, Frederick Douglass, and Theodore Rotten. Our current generation mainly views impulsive behavior as a negative characteristic or inclination. Nowadays, impulsive behaviors are often correlated with diseases or psychological problems. Benjamin Franklin (1731-1813) was one of the oldest authors we read In class. I learned much about Franklin from his autobiography. Franklin was dedicated, disciplined, and focused, which left no room for Impulses.Impulses often Involved spontaneity and the known, which would not follow Franklins type of life style. He set aside an hour each day for reading and never missed a chance to find new books. Although he was very disciplined, he felt like it was not enough. That is why he dedicated 13 specific virtues to follow: temperance, silence, order, resolution, frugality, industry, sincerity, justice, moderation, cleanliness, tranquility, chastity, and finally humility. He even set up a calendar to mark the virtues he had accomplished each day. On the top of his weekly virtue chart, he followed a saying, Eat not to dullness. Drink not to elevation (Franklin, 286). Not only did he have a calendar made up for virtues, but also he had a day-by-day schedule set up that accounted for each hour of the day. He would dedicate a certain amount of time for hygiene, work, reading, dinner and rest. In Benjamin Franklins life there was no room for profligacy. Someone that plans out every hour of everyday obviously does not leave any room for Impulses, and that was exactly how Franklin liked to live his life. He did not Like surprises and enjoyed knowing every detail of each day. To Franklin, family and love did not matter; the only re right around the corner, which is one of the reasons why Franklin was not very emotional. He eventually got married, but he was more thankful for the help his wife provided in the printing press than the emotional feelings he had for her. Franklin was not the only author we read in class that felt this way about impulsive behavior. Like Franklin, Frederick Douglass (1818-1895) was another older author who believed that impulsive behavior was a negative attribute.He was a self-educated slave and knew the only way that he would become free one day was to become erudite. He earned how to read and write by tracing the letters on the prows of boats. After reading his autobiography, it was easy to tell why someone like Douglass would hate impulses. He knew that if he ever acted upon impulses it was very likely he would have been beaten or even worse, killed. He also hated impulses because he knew when his masters beat him that they were acting out on impulses as well.For these reasons, Douglass could never agree with impulses or support anyone who acted upon them. Although Douglass and Franklin did not agree with impulses, there were many other authors we read in class who strongly supported them. Unlike his predecessors Franklin and Douglas, Theodore Rotten (1908-1963) felt that impulsive behavior should be embraced and enjoyed. He was a poet whose poems symbolized fate and destiny, which is normally defined by impulsive decisions. After reading many of his poems, I could tell that he did not make plans, and he Just acted upon his feelings and emotions.I got the feeling that he would follow his instincts no matter where they would lead him, God bless the Ground! I shall walk softly there, And learn by going where I have to go (Rotten 1146). Obviously, someone that Just allows his instincts is not very disciplined and does not plan out his life. He believed impulses were the only way to live ones life. In his poems you could derive a sense of spontaneity and originality. He explains how he followed his fate and thinks by feelings, l feel my fate in what I cannot fear. I learn by going where I have to go. We think by feeling.What is there to know? (Rotten 1145). Rotten wrote many of his poems about love, and as it suggests love is usually a spontaneous and intimate feeling. It seemed that as time progressed, the view on impulsive behavior hanged in American Writers from conservative to more acceptable. I wanted to see if the same shift took place in our culture as well so I decided to do my own research using the Michigan State University library system. It was difficult to find articles that supported both sides of the argument, but I eventually found two books that had conducted many studies and trials.I also found two Journal articles that helped support my thesis as well. Generally, my research showed that impulsively is regarded negatively. In Impulsively and Aggression, they explain how impulsively s a phenomenon that is present in all species and manifests as effects, emotions, and observable behaviors (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 28). Basically, this means that not only humans are susceptible to impulsive behavior, but also animals and other species. However, the focus of the research is on the effects of impulses on human decisions.The majority of the studies conducted in these different articles all seemed to come to one conclusion: impulsive behavior only leads to negative side effects. Every example of impulsive behavior in this book represented some sort of violence or disorder. Impulsively and aggression contribute to major public health decontrol (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 1). Basic emotions such as fear and anger are often defined as impulsive emotions, which are difficult to resist and may be harmful to themselves or others.Lolled, Hollander, and Kiddos reinforce this view, Traditionally, psychopathology states characterized by impulse behavior, such as substance abuse, rage, outbursts, violence, suicidal or self-destructive acts, binge eating, sexual promiscuity, or social irresponsibility, have been conceptualized as disorders of deficient impulse control 0. Lolled E. Hollander A. Kiddos ix). Not a single example in my sources supports a positive side to impulsive behavior. They constantly relate disorders such as kleptomania, pathological gambling, and pyromania to impulses.These studies used scales that measured impulsive behavior by using both personality dimensions and clinical syndromes. These scales are tools used for measuring the outcome of interventions. The effects of impulsive behavior are causing a need for concern, and therefore action must be taken to help prevent these individuals from hurting themselves or others. It is apparent that our current generations outlook on impulsive behavior is all- negative. This negative outlook has caused different treatment strategies throughout the years.The majority of these treatments involved medical psychiatric medications for borderline personality disorders (BAD) (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 263). The purpose is to control the aggression, hostility, impulsively, and liability of mood associated illnesses. There are many medications currently being used, but the most popular consist of Narcoleptics, Anticonvulsant, Anti depressants, and Serotonin Eruptive Inhibitors (Sirs). These treatments have greatly reduced the negative impulsive behaviors for specific patients.Narcoleptics have been the group of medications most studied in controlled trials investigating Pharmacological treatment of BAD (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 264). These agents are used based on their theoretical ability to dampen aggressive outbursts and decrease psychotic thinking. (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 264). Trials were conducted to test these narcoleptics against placebo control agents, which resulted in an improvement in anxiety, rejection sensitivity, and suicidal thoughts. Another treatment that helps decrease anxiety, irritability, and anger are Anticonvulsant.A trial was conducted to test the effectiveness of Anticonvulsant and eleven out of fifteen patients opted to remain on this medication after the study conclusion (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 266). Even when a small behavioral decontrol did occur, it was far less severe than while on the placebo. Antidepressants are also a very popular form of medication, but might not be the best for every individual. Studies conducted show that fifty recent of individuals felt improvements in irritability, energy, and depression were modest or unremarkable (E.Hollander and Dan J. Stein 266). The benefits of specific antidepressants are limited, and there is little data to suggest a diminution of impulsively in any of these studies. (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 267). Sirs have been proven to help with depression, panic, passionately, suicidal, self-injury, summarization, eating disorders, and anxiety (E. Hollander and Dan J. Stein 268). The most widely used SIR is Florentine, which has been the best studied of the Sirs for retirement of impulsive and aggressive symptoms.If Sung-Huh Choc had not acted Although earlier American Writers found impulsive behaviors more acceptable, it is apparent that impulsive behaviors lead to a state of chaos and pandemonium. As time progressed, the view on impulsive behavior changed from negative to more acceptable until a certain point was reached. After a certain point, impulsive behaviors took over and caused a state of chaos and pandemonium. The chaos these impulsive behaviors inhibited can be demonstrated as school shootings, terrorist attacks, or mental instabilities.It is important to control certain impulses because otherwise they can lead to severe consequences or even worse, death. Annotated Bibliography Impulsively and Aggression: edited by: E. Hollander D. Stein RECUR. 5. AAA 147 1995 ISBN/SINS: 32050080 ISBN: 0471953288 I chose this book because it describes how impulsively is a phenomenon that is present in all species and manifests as effects, emotions and observable behaviors. These descriptions are explained in different fields and disciplines, such as sociology, criminal Justice, epidemiology, and many more.These topics of discussion are extremely relevant to my research topic of impulsive behaviors. This book talks about the complexity of impulsive behavior and begins to break down its intricate details. This book really caught my attention when it began discussing how impulsively is a phenomenon in all species. I am very interested in this study and look forward to reading more about it. Impulsively and Compulsivity: edited by John M. Lolled, Eric Hollander, Andrew E. Kiddos RECUR. 5. 146 148 1996 ISBN: 0880486767 I chose this book because it not only discusses impulsive behaviors as mental problems, but as natural problems as well.It conducted many studies and trials that concluded impulses as negative traits that lead to severe consequences. As discussed in this book, these consequences often result in decisions that negatively impact themselves or the people close to them. This book also goes into depth about the disorders associated with impulsive behavior. It was a strong source that helped back up my thesis that impulses will ultimately lead to severe consequences. This book goes in depth about specific disorders and also discusses how certain disorders A New Self-Report Measure of Impulsively By: Joseph E.Gurus, Joshua A. Barras. Daniel J. Hyman online I chose this online article from Protest because it had research about a conducted experiment that tested the impulsively of a group of 346 undergraduate students. The research obtained from this study displays a variety of results that individuals make due to quick responses without thinking. The study also did a cross- validation of 363 similar subjects and compared the results. The information gathered from these studies is closely related to my research paper topic and was quite interesting.The information presented in this online source dealt with the impulses of undergraduate students like myself and really caught my attention, since I am currently an undergraduate student myself. The Joint Influence of Mood and A Cognitively Demanding Task On Risk-Taking By: Min Young Kim Ruth Canker SINS: 0146-7239 Protest document ID: 1903492161 DOE 10. MM 1031-009-9147-z I chose this online Journal article because it investigated the impact of negative mood states on risk-taking Judgment. Participants were administered a negative mood state induction and completed a measure of risk-taking experiments. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-993655612379052102019-12-02T15:15:00.001-08:002019-12-02T15:15:03.757-08:00Molecular Weight of Volatile Liquid Using Dumas Method free essay sample We have to stir the water in beaker to get the perfect temperature. * The rubber band which is used to tight the flask may release more vapour because the rubber band is not properly tight. The Dumas method is the method used to calculate the molecular weight of the substance. * This method has a condition that the substance used must be a liquid. The liquid that has boiling point above room temperature and below the boiling point of water. * After completing the experiment, we came to know that temperature and pressure effect the final result. The flask is completely filled with vapour only when it is removed from the hot water bath. However, when the flask cools some of the vapour condenses in the flask. As a result of this the final reading of the weight increases and affects the result. * The given sample (2ââ¬âpropanol) has molecular weight 60. 08 gm/mole and our result shows 56. We will write a custom essay sample on Molecular Weight of Volatile Liquid Using Dumas Method or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page 43 gm/mole. So the percentage error is 6. 078%. * This is due to the effect of temperature. If we might had increase the temperature, them the result would be much closer than actual molecular weight of the 2-propanol. The measuring cylinder that has been used to measure the volume that might have some drop in the measuring cylinder. This result in increase in the volume and affect the final result. * The unknown sample given has molecular weight been found to be 76. 6026 gm/mole * The range of the molecular weight of the unknown sample was found to be 76. 53 gm/mole to 82. 68 gm/mole CONCLUSION: * The molecular weight of give sample (2-propanol) was found to be 56. 4286 gm/mole * The actual molecular weight of give sample (2-propanol) is 60. 08 gm/mole * The percentage error of give sample (2-propanol) was found to be 6. 78%. * The molecular weight of unknown sample was found to be 76. 6026 gm/mole Answer: The flask is immersing in the boiling water bath but the temperature at upper part of the flask is lower than the bottom part. So, when the vapour is form in the beaker than it gets condensed in the same beaker. These errors develop variation in the weight of the flask. To minimise this error subtract and add the percentage error of the known sample to the molecular weight of the unknown sample. This will be the range of the molecular weight of unknown sample. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-65525904254291656892019-11-27T04:18:00.001-08:002019-11-27T04:18:02.940-08:00The eNotes Blog Vicious and Delicious The Best of Literatures FoulestCharactersVicious and Delicious The Best of Literatures FoulestCharacters To be sure, some of the best characters in literature are the so-called good guys, but lets face it: these goody-goodies are rarely the most interesting charactersà in the story. Most of us, most of the time, want to see good triumph over evil in the end, but were really interested in what the villains are up to. Think about it: if not for Ursula in The Little Mermaid, Ariel would never haveà even had the chance to get some land-legs; she wouldveà stayed a lady-fish and Eric wouldveà married aà human and had pretty babies. In honor of these dynamic characters and theirà questionable motives, enjoy the following listà of some of our favorite fictional criminals/murderers/psychopaths from literary history. The White Witch fromà The Lion, the Witch, and the Wardrobeà by C.S. Lewis Photo Via Washington Monthly Imagine a world where its always winter. And not just any winter- the coldest, snowiest, windiest, most miserable winter youve ever seen. Now imagine that this winter isà never-ending and that three years and a few months from now youll wake up and it willà still be the same winter. Now what could possibly make that worse? An evil witch stealing Christmas.à Thats right, the White Witchà did what the Grinch couldnt. Add to that the fact that she had a tendency to turn her enemies into stone and that her lifelong ambition was to murder four unsuspecting children and youve got one bad witch. Iago fromà Othelloà by William Shakespeare Photo Via Pinterest Iago is one of Shakespeares most famous villains, and for good reason. Unlike Shakespeares other villains, who tend to be more discreet, Iago just goes for it. For no reasonà other than a distinct dislike for Othello, Iago manipulates the man into believing that his wife is cheating on him with his Lieutenant. As if that isntà enough, Iago somehow convinces Othello that he would be justified in killing his (completely innocent) wife. To be fair, Othello really shouldnt have takenà the word of this guy he barely knew, no matter how stand-up a fellow everyone seemed to think he was. But regardless of Othellos gullible little head, its pretty likely he wouldnt have committed the murder of his beloved without Iagos influence. Lord Voldemort from theà Harry Potterà Seriesà by J.K. Rowling Phot Via The Telegraph Like the previously mentioned White Witch, Voldemort (or He Who Must Not Be Named/The Dark Lord/You Know Who) is a villain geared towardà children and young adults. But we dont buy that. Voldemorts plans were pretty nasty for a kids book. In addition toà being the most evil wizard of all time (which is really saying something, sinceà there were a lot of other evil wizards before him and they did some pretty awful things), Voldemort creates an army of weaker but stillà evil witches and wizards, magical folk, and creatures that likely wouldve justà minded their own business for the restà of their lives and turned into ghosties when the time came in not for Voldemort. In fact, he was so obsessed with gaining followers, Voldemort usedà dark curses to gatherà more followers to do his bidding. As if committing countless murders wasnt enough, Voldemorts end goal really seemed geared towards the permanent misery of the people living under his charge. Not to mention that J.K. Rowlings description of him as aà monster with pale skin, red eyes,à slit-like pupils, and basically no nose. Thatsà pretty nasty if you ask me. Nils Bjurman fromà The Girl with the Dragon Tattooà by Stieg Larsson Photo via Fanpop Just what we wanted: a more modern-day, relatable bad guy. That isnt to say that we can all relate to this man, but we can all read about his character and be reminded of theà horrendous stories weve heard on the news, whereas youre not going to turn on FOX and hear about the witch who stole Christmas. Nils is the man who eventually becomes Lisbeths guardian after her previous guardian falls seriously ill. Unfortunately for poor Lisbeth, Nils is a sexually depraved sadist who refuses her access to her own money without the act of various sexual favors. To end on a positive note, Lisbeth does get a sweet taste of revenge: she manages to secretly film one of her brutal rapes to use as collateral against her abuser and is able to tattoo Im a sadistic rapist pig onto his stomach. So at least theres some karmic retribution. Cruella de Vil fromà 101 Dalmationsà by Dodie Smith Photo via Buzzfeed First and foremost, theres the characters name (de Vil = deVil = devil). They say not to judge a book by its cover, but in this case, its probably okay: Cruella is tall, has two-tone hair, andà skins puppies to make her fur coats. Its possible thatà this is a commentary about the nature of the fur industry, as in, why is it okay to skin some animals and not others? To some, its never okay, butà everyone,à regardless of whether or notà they like mink coats,à will adamantly agree that no one should make a garment out of puppy fur. As if that isnt bad enough, Cruella alsoà drowns kittens and abusesà her pet Persian kitty. Maybe de Vil doesnt stack up against some of the other villains on this list, what with all their murders and whatnot, but theres really something about animal abusersit just makes you seem like the most despicable kind of person. But maybe thats just the animal lovers opinion. Ernst Stavro Blofeldà fromà Thunderballà by Ian Fleming Photo via The Nerdist Mr. Blofeld is perhaps one of the most famous villains on this list. Even those of you who haventà heard the name will be familiar with theà trope ofà theà bad guy with the bald head and a fluffy cat.à It all started with this guy. Heà became the inspiration for the bad guy stereotype as we know it today, even inspiring the character of Dr. Evil. Blofeld was the first evil genius/criminal mastermind to hit modern, mainstream media. As the head of SPECTRE, Blofeld was responsible for countless robberies, assaults, and manipulations of both individuals and political groups. Like many successful villains, Blofeld has been portrayed time and time again in adaptations since his inception in 1961. His first big screen appearance coming just two years later in 1963. Most recently, in 2015, this classic evil mastermind wasà embodied by the magnificent Christoph Waltz in the latest Bond film,à Spectre. Professor James Moriarty fromà Sherlock Holmesà by Arthur Conan Doyle Photo via Wiredà Everyà fan of theà Sherlock Holmes franchise is familiar with Moriarty. Originally, Moriarty was not the most prevalent of Doyles villains. In fact, this genius was only portrayed in one or two books throughout the original seriess creation. Over time, though, his character has evolved, as many things do, with the interest of the audience. Much like the aforementioned Blofeld has been inserted into adaptation after adaptation of Bond works, Moriarty finds a way to sneak into a wide multitude of Sherlockian lore. Its easy to see why Moriarty quickly became a fan favorite: hes brilliant, cunning, psychopathic, and the direct antithesis of Mr. Sherlock Holmes (a fine example of a dynamic and fascinating good guy). Moriarty as he was introduced by Doyle in The Adventure of the Final Problem was said to be a crime lord, in other words, he was owed allegianceà by just about all of the criminals in England and was paid by them accordingly. Ever since his creation, adapters have found ways to incorporate Moriarty into their Sherlock-based works. Perhaps most famously was the 2009 film,à A Game of Shadows, with Moriarty attempting to spur on a World War in attempt to turn a profit. Hannibal Lectorà fromà Red Dragonà by Thomas Harris Photo by Timeà Hannibal the Cannibal, a title as succinct as it isà gross. Hannibal Lector is arguably one of the most famous and grotesquely wicked characters of the later 20th century. Not only was Lector a closeted murderer/cannibal, but he also worked for the FBI as a clinical psychologist, going so far as to assist Agent Graham in following a trail of murders that he, Hannibal, was guilty of. Now thats bold. Unfortunately for Lector, he was discovered as the murderer and locked away in a mental institution for a grueling, but deserved sentence. Everything changed when Agent Graham finds himself in need of Lectors insight into the criminal mind of a yet-to-be-captured murderer.à Not one to forgive and forget, Lector located the murderer and led him to the house of Agent Graham with the instruction of to killà whoevers inside. Thats pretty twisted. Already infamous from his appearances in the novelsà Red Dragon, Silence of the Lambs, Hannibal,à andà Hannibal Rising,à Lector was catapulted into the mainstream eye by the Oscar-winning portrayal ofà Anthony Hopkins. Something about Hopkinss deadpan eyes and chilling delivery brings Lector to life in a way that the world could have done without. Still, were glad he did it, because this isà a stunning film. Professor Dolores Umbridge from theà Harry Potter Series byà J.K. Rowling Photo via Mashable And last but most certainly not least we have the worst person ever. Yes, worse than the manipulative, murderous cannibal, worse that the woman who skins puppies, and yes, still worse than the man who planned to start a world war with the intent of turning a profit. Indeed, anyone who is familiar with Umbridgeà knows that on a scale from one to nasty, shes nasty +1. Why is she so bad? Shes prim, shes proper, she wears pink, and she loves cats. All that is potentially forgivable, but what really makes her a villain isà that shes the accidental servant of Voldemort, upholding the laws of Fudge (the Minister of Magic) which denyà the re-emergence of the Dark Lord and make it easier for him to gain control. Not to mention that she terrorizes students with her meaningless but painfully enforced rules, refuses her students the opportunity to learn, and is just generally the kind of person that everyone knows and despises. Let us not forget the time Harry attempted to stand up for himself and ended up having to write lines with his own blood. Seems a little extreme a punishment for talking out of turn, doesnt it? We think so too. And remember when she attempted to have Dumbledore arrested? Dumbledore.à Just asà no one puts baby in the corner, no one better put Dumbledore in Azkaban. Curious about these characters and their authors? Check outà à to find detailed biographies of your favorite authors alongside full summaries and study guides of their most popular literary works! Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-68337051979955200532019-11-23T11:52:00.001-08:002019-11-23T11:52:03.352-08:00Age of Consent in CanadaAge of Consent in Canada Beginning May 1, 2008, the age of sexual consent in Canada is 16 years old. The age of consent in Canada is the age at which the criminal law recognizes the legal capacity of a young person to consent to sexual activity. Under the Criminal Code of Canada, anyone under the age of 16 cannot legally consent to any form of sexual activity, from kissing to intercourse. It means that adults are criminally liable if they have sex with someone under that age. The offense carries a maximum penalty of 10 years in prison. The law has a close-in-age exemption of less than five years, which permits teens to engage in consensual sex with a partner who is less than five years older, as long as the older partner is not in a position of trust or authority and the relationship is not exploitive. The age of protection for exploitive sexual activity, such as sexual activity involving prostitution, pornography, or a relationship of trust, is 18. The age of consent for anal sex is also 18. Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-88157165011620691652019-11-21T04:55:00.001-08:002019-11-21T04:55:03.235-08:00Diversity in Contemporary Feminism Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 wordsDiversity in Contemporary Feminism - Essay Example The works reflect the priorities and opinions of four feminist authors, revealing some consistent ideas of and goals for the feminist movement, yet also manifesting different perspectives on how feminist ideology can and should be defined and realized. To begin, a recurrent thread in, and indeed the prominent thrust of all four readings, is the need to challenge and undermine the heterosexual value system embedded in our society. In "Lesbian Ethics," Sarah Hoagland succinctly explains heterosexualism as a "way of living" that accepts a balance between men "dominating and de-skilling women" and women "consequently valuing an ethics of dependence" (452). As such, men are always in the role of either protector or predator, thereby creating a self-perpetuating system of men preying on women, the victims, who thus require the protection of men (Hoagland 452-53). And, the woman who bravely attempts to break this vicious pattern by refusing to play the feminine role, such as the active feminist, is perceived as having surrendered her need for protection, thereby subjecting herself to the attacks of her predators (Hoagland 453-54). Such women suffer from a "vocabulary of abuse" (Ruddick 450) and erroneous depictions that not only indict t heir judgment and character (Ruddick 450), but threaten their physical safety as well (Hoagland 453-54). From this heterosexual value system arises a "concept of 'woman'" (Hoagland 456) that these four feminists recognize as an absolute deterrent to their ideas and goals. According to Hoagland, our current perceptions lack an awareness of female power, an understanding of the violence that women as a group suffer, and a sense of female resistance to male domination (457). It is this concept, depicting women as breeding sex objects with male-defined identities and values, that Hoagland seeks to destroy (458-60). Similarly, in "Feminism and the Environment: An Overview of the Issues," Karen J. Warren discusses theories of how the conceptualization of women and nature accounts for the historical domination of both (497). Warren recognizes that certain theorists have espoused the belief that our society perceives that which is associated with emotion, women and nature as inferior to that which is associated with rationality and men (497). Moreover, the tendency to discuss nature in terms that are both female and dominating - "[n]ature is raped, mastered, conquered, controlled, mined," "[v]irgin timber is felled," "[f]ertile soil is tilled," and unproducing land is "barren" - has given rise to an "oppressive conceptual framework" that has effected and perpetuated societal domination of women and nature by men (Warren 497, 501). The relevance of this same, oppressive concept of woman and its impact on the development of feminist theory is recognized and expanded by Bell Hooks in "Black Women: Shaping Feminist Theory." For Hooks, though, the formation of feminist ideology and its definition of "woman," originally dominated and skewed by white feminists who had more access to education, funds, and an audience than did black women, does not reflect the realities of the struggles and oppressions prevalent in society today (487). Indeed, according to Hooks, white women tend to maintain and perpetuate the Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-43204994143299685692019-11-19T23:48:00.001-08:002019-11-19T23:48:02.963-08:00What does Tiberius' life and death tell us about Roman society at that EssayWhat does Tiberius' life and death tell us about Roman society at that time - Essay Example Tiberius throughout his life fought for one cause; to eliminate the line of discrimination between rich and poor through a revolutionary change in law. Yet, Rich gentry of Rome depicted how ââ¬Ëinfluenceââ¬â¢ deciphers power and law. The bright Tiberius was educated in ââ¬ËAugurs Collegeââ¬â¢, which was embarked as a supreme institution for excellence in academics. Upon inspecting his skills and talent, Appius Claudius offered him his daughter ââ¬ËClaudiaââ¬â¢ in marriage. Fortitude and determination in armed conflicts was observed in Tiberius, whilst he served in Africa for ââ¬ËYoung Scipioââ¬â¢s Armyââ¬â¢ (Kishlansky et al., 142-146). ââ¬ËWar against Numantinesââ¬â¢ provided an opportunity to Tiberius; to resolve frenzy conflicts in the presence of senior generals. Twenty thousands and more were saved due to his successful dialogues with the victor Numantines. In the times of Tiberiusââ¬â¢ rule, literacy was valued most and due to his love for tomes; he went back to the defeated zone and requested only for his literary treasure. He was offered to take back more from his personal possessions, but Tiberius only chose his esteemed collection of books. Humiliating punishments (stripping captors in public) were imposed by victors; as it was a common practice in the past, but Numantines did not practice it for Roman consul officers due to prestigious Tiberius presence. This event setup benchmark in Tiberiusââ¬â¢s administration career and he eventually became a legislator. The conquered regions of neighbour-state were allotted to deprived citizens on meagre rents, yet; wealthy Romans drove away the poor and paid huge rents. These illicit actions became the stepping stone for ââ¬Ëfive hundred acre-property ownership lawââ¬â¢. Yet, through false-name-ownership act influential people violated law and poor farmers became more deprived and eventually, were not able to pay heed towards education or warfare. Subsequently, Tiberius Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2567666260227623776.post-80037342616271202082019-11-17T12:18:00.001-08:002019-11-17T12:18:03.679-08:00Capital punishment Essay Example for Free Capital punishment Essay Capital punishment, also dubbed the death penalty, is the pre-meditated and planned taking of a human life by a government in response to a crime committed by that legally convicted person. Passions in the US are sharply divided, and equally strong among both supporters and protesters of the death penalty. Arguing against capital punishment, Amnesty International believes that The death penalty is the ultimate denial of human rights. It is the premeditated and cold-blooded killing of a human being by the state in the name of justice. It violates the right to lifeIt is the ultimate cruel, inhuman and degrading punishment. There can never be any justification for torture or for cruel treatment. Arguing for capital punishment, the Clark County, Indiana Prosecuting Attorney writes that there are some defendants who have earned the ultimate punishment our society has to offer by committing murder with aggravating circumstances present. I believe life is sacred. It cheapens the life of an innocent murder victim to say that society has no right to keep the murderer from ever killing again. In my view, society has not only the right, but the duty to act in self defense to protect the innocent. And Catholic Cardinal McCarrick, Archbishop of Washington, writes the death penalty diminishes all of us, increases disrespect for human life, and offers the tragic illusion that we can teach that killing is wrong by killing. Death Penalty in the U.S. The death penalty has not always been practiced in the U.S. although ReligiousTolerance.org states that in the U.S., about 13,000 people have been legally executed since colonial times. The Depression era 1930s, which saw a historic peak in executions, was followed by a dramatic decrease in the 1950s and 1960s. No executions occurred in the US between 1967 to 1976. In 1972, the Supreme Court effectively nullified the death penalty, and converted the death sentences of hundreds of death row inmates to life in prison. In 1976, another Supreme Court ruling found capital punishment to be Constitutional. From 1976 through June 3, 2009, 1,167 people have been executed in the U.S. Latest Developments The vast majority of democratic countries in Europe and Latin America have abolished capital punishment over the last fifty years, but United States, most democracies in Asia, and almost all totalitarian governments retain it. Crimes that carry the death penalty vary greatly worldwide from treason and murder to theft. In militaries around the world, courts-martial have sentenced capital punishments also for cowardice, desertion, insubordination and mutiny. Per Amnesty Internationals 2008 death penalty annual report, at least 2,390 people were known to have been executed in 25 countries and at least 8,864 people were sentenced to death in 52 countries around the world: Executions in 2008, by Country â⬠¢China 1,718 â⬠¢Iran 346 â⬠¢Saudi Arabia 102 â⬠¢United States 37 â⬠¢Pakistan 36 â⬠¢Iraq 34 â⬠¢Vietnam 19 â⬠¢Afghanistan 17 â⬠¢North Korea 15 â⬠¢All others 66 Source Amnesty International As of October 2009, capital punishment in the US is officially sanctioned by 34 states, as well as by the federal government. Each state with legalized capital punishment has different laws regarding its methods, age limits and crimes which qualify. From 1976 through October 2009, 1,177 felons were executed in the U.S., distributed among the states as follows: Executions from 1976 Oct 2009, by State â⬠¢Texas 442 (38%) â⬠¢Virginia 103 â⬠¢Oklahoma 91 â⬠¢Florida 68 â⬠¢Missouri 67 â⬠¢Georgia 46 â⬠¢Alabama 44 â⬠¢North Carolina 43 â⬠¢South Carolina 42 â⬠¢Ohio 32 â⬠¢Louisiana 27 â⬠¢Arkansas 27 â⬠¢All others 149 Source: Wikipedia States and U.S. territories with no current death penalty statute are Alaska, Hawaii, Iowa, Maine, Massachusetts, Michigan, Minnesota, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, Rhode Island, Vermont, West Virginia, Wisconsin, District of Columbia, American Samoa, Guam, Northern Mariana Islands, Puerto Rico, and U.S. Virgin Islands. New Jersey repealed the death penalty in 2007, and New Mexico in 2009. Background The case of Stanley Tookie Williams illustrates the moral complexities of the death penalty. Mr. Williams, an author and Nobel Peace and Literature Prizes nominee who was put to death on December 13, 2005 by lethal injection by the state of California, brought capital punishment back into prominent public debate. Mr. Williams was convicted of four murders committed in 1979, and sentenced to death. Williams professed innocence of these crimes. He was also co-founder of the Crips, a deadly and powerful Los Angeles-based street gang responsible for hundreds of murders. About five years after incarceration, Mr. Williams underwent a religious conversion and, as a result, authored many books and programs to promote peace and to fight gangs and gang violence. He was nominated five times for the Nobel Peace Prize and four times for the Nobel Literature Prize. Mr. Williams was a self-admitted life of crime and violence, followed by genuine redemption and a life of uniquely and unusually good works. The circumstantial evidence against Williams left little doubt that he committed the four murders, despite last-minute claims by supporters. There also existed no doubt that Mr. Williams posed no further threat to society, and would contribute considerable good. The case of Stanley Tookie Williams forced public reflection on the purpose of the death penalty: â⬠¢Is the purpose of the death penalty to remove from society someone who would cause more harm? â⬠¢Is the purpose to remove from society someone who is incapable of rehabilitation? â⬠¢Is the purpose of the death penalty to deter others from committing murder? â⬠¢Is the purpose of the death penal Volthttp://www.blogger.com/profile/05119451487072891336noreply@blogger.com0